EVS Worldwide

Market intelligence/Report available

North Dakota.

EVS North Dakota EV Service Centre Market Entry

North Dakota EV service-centre market entry report separating sourced facts, EVS assumptions, open gates and executable evidence.

2025 plug-in stock

3,000

DOE/Experian approximate 2025 North Dakota light-duty plug-in registration benchmark: 3,000.

2024 plug-in share

184.3%

2024 North Dakota plug-in share of published new light-duty sales components: 1.843%.

Public ports

268

13 August 2026 direct AFDC access snapshot: 268 public charging ports.

Base payback

—

Base annual EBITDA is negative; simple payback is not meaningful.

01/The verdict in full

Executive summary

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

02

Headline market indicators

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Headline market indicators

2025 rounded light-duty plug-in registrations
Value
3,000
Unit
vehicles
Source
[nd_current_stock]
2024 exact plug-in stock
Value
2,230
Unit
vehicles
Source
[alliance_nd]
2024 plug-in share of new light-duty sales
Value
1.843
Unit
percent
Source
[alliance_nd]
Current public charging ports
Value
268
Unit
ports
Source
[afdc_stations]
2024 average vehicle age
Value
14.2
Unit
years
Source
[alliance_nd]

Source: EVS table: Headline market indicators

03

BEV/PHEV stock history

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

BEV/PHEV stock history

2024-12-31 exact
Bev
1,314
Phev
916
Plug In Total
2,230
Scope
Registered light-duty vehicles; exact Alliance/S&P snapshot
Source
[alliance_nd]
2025 rounded
Bev
1,900
Phev
1,100
Plug In Total
3,000
Scope
Approximate light-duty registrations rounded to nearest 100; DOE/Experian
Source
[nd_current_stock]

Source: EVS table: BEV/PHEV stock history

04

Sales and adoption history

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Sales and adoption history

2024 stock exact
Registered Plugin Stock
2,230
Annual Additions
—
New Sales Share Pct
—
Source
[alliance_nd]
2024 sales exact
Registered Plugin Stock
—
Annual Additions
696
New Sales Share Pct
1.843
Source
[alliance_nd]
2025 stock rounded
Registered Plugin Stock
3,000
Annual Additions
—
New Sales Share Pct
—
Source
[nd_current_stock]

Source: EVS table: Sales and adoption history

05

Powertrain mix

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Powertrain mix

BEV
Vehicles
1,900
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct
63.333
Source
[nd_current_stock]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct
—
PHEV
Vehicles
1,100
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct
36.667
Source
[nd_current_stock]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct
—
HEV (not plug-in)
Vehicles
18,000
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct
—
Source
[nd_current_stock]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct
—
ICE/hybrid combined
Vehicles
821,735
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct
—
Source
[alliance_nd]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct
99.729

Source: EVS table: Powertrain mix

06

Definition reconciliation

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Definition reconciliation

Planning TAM
Value
3,000
Definition
DOE/Experian 2025 rounded light-duty BEV+PHEV
Control
Use for planning funnel only; each powertrain is rounded.
Exact benchmark
Value
2,230
Definition
Alliance/S&P registered light-duty BEV+PHEV at 31 Dec 2024
Control
Use for exact shares, sales, age and dated charging.
Cross-provider/year difference
Value
770
Definition
3,000 minus 2,230
Control
Not measured growth: provider, date and rounding differ.
Substate evidence
Value
—
Definition
No authoritative city/county EV stock located
Control
Priority regions are hypotheses; paid cohort geocoding is mandatory.
Charging snapshots
Value
32
Definition
1 Jan 2025 Alliance versus 13 Aug 2026 AFDC access snapshot
Control
Not a same-provider build rate, uptime measure or workshop-demand proxy.

Source: EVS table: Definition reconciliation

07

2030 EV scenarios

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

2030 EV scenarios

Cautious
Base Year
2,025
Base Stock
3,000
Annual Growth Pct
5
Modelled 2030 Evs
3,829
Status
EVS sensitivity; not an official forecast
Source
[evs_model]
Base
Base Year
2,025
Base Stock
3,000
Annual Growth Pct
10
Modelled 2030 Evs
4,832
Status
EVS sensitivity; not an official forecast
Source
[evs_model]
High
Base Year
2,025
Base Stock
3,000
Annual Growth Pct
15
Modelled 2030 Evs
6,034
Status
EVS sensitivity; not an official forecast
Source
[evs_model]

Source: EVS table: 2030 EV scenarios

08

Charging infrastructure

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Charging infrastructure

2025-01-01
Level2 Ports
120
Dc Fast Ports
116
Total Public Ports
236
Stations
104
Source
[alliance_nd]
Public Ports
236
Private Ports
—
Total Ports
236
2026-08-13 access snapshot
Level2 Ports
126
Dc Fast Ports
141
Total Public Ports
268
Stations
103
Source
[afdc_stations]
Public Ports
268
Private Ports
—
Total Ports
268
2025-05 state registration context
Level2 Ports
—
Dc Fast Ports
—
Total Public Ports
—
Stations
—
Source
[nddot_advanced]
Public Ports
—
Private Ports
—
Total Ports
—

Source: EVS table: Charging infrastructure

09

Charging diligence

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Charging diligence

Definitions
Requirement
Keep ports, locations, public/private status and dates separate.
Status
Closed in artifact
Live uptime
Requirement
Obtain 90-day uptime and failed-session data for candidate corridors.
Status
Open gate
Vehicle capture
Requirement
Never translate charging ports into workshop jobs.
Status
Closed
NEVI separation
Requirement
Do not model corridor-charging funds as workshop capex.
Status
Closed
Utility capacity
Requirement
Written service, tariff, demand-charge and upgrade quote for exact parcel.
Status
Open gate
Cold/wind/road closure resilience
Requirement
Engineer access, backup power, towing and quarantine controls.
Status
Open gate

Source: EVS table: Charging diligence

10

Vehicle parc age and service demand

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Vehicle parc age and service demand

North Dakota average vehicle age
Value
14.2
Unit
years
Implication
Older general parc supports wear work but is not proof of mature EV demand [alliance_nd].
U.S. average vehicle age
Value
12.2
Unit
years
Implication
North Dakota is 2.9 years above the published national benchmark [alliance_nd].
North Dakota technicians, May 2023
Value
2,150
Unit
jobs
Implication
Dated statewide automotive occupation, not EV/HV-qualified supply [bls_nd].
Technician mean pay, May 2023
Value
25.91
Unit
USD/hour
Implication
Dated general occupation mean, not an EV/HV recruiting offer [bls_nd].

Source: EVS table: Vehicle parc age and service demand

11

TAM / SAM / SOM controls

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

TAM / SAM / SOM controls

TAM
Value
3,000
Unit
vehicles
Status
Sourced [nd_current_stock]
Basis
2025 rounded BEV+PHEV registrations
Annual service window
Value
900
Unit
vehicles
Status
EVS assumption
Basis
TAM × 30%
Independent-service pool
Value
180
Unit
vehicles
Status
EVS assumption
Basis
Service window × 20%
3 more rows in the full report

Source: EVS table: TAM / SAM / SOM controls

12

Customer segments

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Customer segments

Out-of-warranty BEV/PHEV owners
Priority
1
Need
Diagnostics, tyres, alignment, thermal and charging faults.
Owners far from OEM support
Priority
2
Need
Lawful non-warranty service, remote triage and transport coordination.
Used-EV buyers and sellers
Priority
3
Need
Pre-purchase battery/charging inspection with explicit limitations.
Rural and corridor owners
Priority
4
Need
Appointment certainty, clinics, towing and mobility continuity.
Damaged, cold-soaked or road-debris-exposed vehicles
Priority
5
Need
Safe intake, quarantine and escalation without pack opening.

Source: EVS table: Customer segments

13

Fleet segments

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Fleet segments

Municipal, utility and public fleets
Priority
1
Offer
Retainer + response SLA
Evidence
Open
Energy, mining and field-service fleets
Priority
2
Offer
Per-vehicle plan
Evidence
Open
University, healthcare and hospitality fleets
Priority
3
Offer
Preventive-care blocks
Evidence
Open
Dealer/collision overflow
Priority
4
Offer
White-label capacity
Evidence
Open

Source: EVS table: Fleet segments

14

Leading brands and models

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Leading brands and models

Tesla
Priority
Validate
Reason
Charging locations are not service centres; verify live OEM service reach.
Evidence
No North Dakota model counts
Ford / GM
Priority
Validate
Reason
Truck, crossover and fleet relevance.
Evidence
No state model counts
Toyota / Subaru
Priority
Validate
Reason
Potential local dealer footprint.
Evidence
No state model counts
Nissan / Hyundai / Kia / Rivian
Priority
Validate
Reason
Service-menu breadth and remote-support needs.
Evidence
No state model counts

Source: EVS table: Leading brands and models

15In the full report

OEM competitors

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

16In the full report

Independent competitors

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

17In the full report

Priority cities and regions

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

18In the full report

Consumer incentives

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

19In the full report

Business and investment incentives

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

20In the full report

Tax snapshot

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

21In the full report

Licensing, consumer and franchise controls

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

22In the full report

Labour and skills

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

23In the full report

High-voltage safety

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

24In the full report

Battery and waste

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

25

Data and consumer controls

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Data and consumer controls

Repair authorization
Rule
Use counsel-approved written estimate and customer authorization workflow.
Implication
Capture estimate, approval, supplements and final invoice.
Telematics and credentials
Rule
Use owner consent and lawful OEM/NASTF channels.
Implication
No credential sharing or unsupported security-key work.
Battery health statements
Rule
Avoid unsupported state-of-health guarantees.
Implication
Report method, limitations, temperature and confidence.
Franchise sales
Rule
FTC disclosure timing plus North Dakota legal review.
Implication
No fees, offers or earnings claims in pilot.

Source: EVS table: Data and consumer controls

27In the full report

Operating model

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

28In the full report

Franchise model

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

29In the full report

Annual economics

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

30In the full report

90-day pilot economics

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

31In the full report

Risks

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

32

Mitigations

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Mitigations

Demand
Mitigation
Recruit 75 verified owners, two paid fleets and at least 45 paid jobs.
Owner
Market lead
Trigger
Under 45 paid jobs
Site/resilience
Mitigation
Engineer power, fire, cold, wind, snow, drainage, access, quarantine and emergency response.
Owner
EHS/site lead
Trigger
Parcel screening
HV safety
Mitigation
Competency matrix, LOTO audit and thermal-event drill.
Owner
Technical lead
Trigger
Any HV task
Tools/data
Mitigation
VIN/platform coverage and lawful access register.
Owner
Technical lead
Trigger
Unsupported platform
Tax/legal
Mitigation
Obtain registration, tax, repair, permit, contractor, waste, transport and franchise memos.
Owner
Counsel/finance
Trigger
DMS/site go-live
Economics
Mitigation
Use clinic/host structure; keep capex ceiling at $425,000.
Owner
CFO
Trigger
Any standalone proposal

Source: EVS table: Mitigations

33In the full report

90-day entry plan

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

34In the full report

Explicit go / no-go gates

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

This section is in the full report.

35

Methodology

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Methodology

Scope
Method
North Dakota light-duty BEV and PHEV service-centre opportunity; state facts remain distinct from catchment hypotheses.
Control
No city stock invented.
Source hierarchy
Method
Federal/state primary sources first; Alliance/S&P for exact market snapshot; commercial locators only for live network context.
Control
Each quantitative claim carries a source token.
Definitions
Method
Separate BEV, PHEV, HEV, ICE/hybrid, ports, locations, public/private and dates.
Control
No cross-provider difference treated as growth.
Market model
Method
TAM × 30% service window × 20% independent pool × 35% launch reach.
Control
All percentages are EVS assumptions.
Economics
Method
Jobs × ARO = revenue; revenue × gross margin = gross profit; less fixed opex = EBITDA.
Control
Nominal USD, pre-tax, unlevered and incentive-free.
Decision rule
Method
Verified SAM remains null and executable SOM remains zero until gates close.
Control
No standalone or franchise release from TAM alone.

Source: EVS table: Methodology

36

Data gaps

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Data gaps

City/county EV stock
Effect
Cannot size local SAM
Closure
Consented owner/fleet ZIP/VIN cohort or authoritative substate extract
Brand/model mix
Effect
Tooling and training cannot be prioritised statistically
Closure
Consented VIN sample and dealer/fleet records
Independent competitor HV capability
Effect
White space may be overstated
Closure
Mystery shop, credential and tooling verification
Charging uptime
Effect
Corridor service and stranded-driver need unknown
Closure
90-day uptime and failed-session data
EV-specific labour supply/pay
Effect
Recruiting risk remains high
Closure
Current offers, applicants and observed assessments
Parcel/AHJ/utility terms
Effect
Capex, schedule and insurance unresolved
Closure
Written site-specific quotes and approvals

Source: EVS table: Data gaps

37

Complete source register

North Dakota evidence, EVS assumptions, uncertainty and release controls are shown in the adjacent audited dataset. Statewide totals are not local demand; paid, geocoded evidence is required before capital release.

Complete source register

afdc_nd
Publisher
U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://afdc.energy.gov/states/nd
nd_current_stock
Publisher
U.S. Department of Energy / Experian
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicle-registration
afdc_stations
Publisher
U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://afdc.energy.gov/stations/states
alliance_nd
Publisher
Alliance for Automotive Innovation / S&P Global Mobility
Publication Date
2025-01-01
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/nd
nddot_nevi
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Transportation
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.dot.nd.gov/construction-and-planning/transportation-plans-programs/north-dakota-electric-vehicle-ev
nddot_advanced
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Transportation
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.dot.nd.gov/construction-and-planning/transportation-plans-programs/north-dakota-electric-vehicle-ev/advanced
bls_nd
Publisher
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Publication Date
2023-05-01
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.bls.gov/oes/2023/may/oes_nd.htm
osha_stateplans
Publisher
U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.osha.gov/stateplans/
nd_labor
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Labor and Human Rights
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.nd.gov/labor/wage-and-hour-topics
nd_sos
Publisher
North Dakota Secretary of State
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.sos.nd.gov/business/business-services/start-business
nd_sos_register
Publisher
North Dakota Secretary of State
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.sos.nd.gov/business/business-services/register-business
nd_tax_sales
Publisher
North Dakota Office of State Tax Commissioner
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.tax.nd.gov/sales-and-use-tax
nd_local_tax
Publisher
North Dakota Office of State Tax Commissioner
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.tax.nd.gov/sales-and-use-tax/local-taxes-city-and-county-taxes
nd_corporate_tax
Publisher
North Dakota Office of State Tax Commissioner
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.tax.nd.gov/business/corporate-income-tax
nd_new_business
Publisher
North Dakota Office of State Tax Commissioner
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.tax.nd.gov/new-businesses-and-contractors
nd_deq_generator
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.deq.nd.gov/WM/HazardousWasteProgram/StateEPASiteIdentification.aspx
nd_deq_waste
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.deq.nd.gov/WM/HazardousWasteProgram/
nd_electrical
Publisher
North Dakota State Electrical Board
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.ndseb.com/
nd_codes
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Commerce
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.commerce.nd.gov/community-services/building-codes
nd_fire
Publisher
North Dakota Insurance Department
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.insurance.nd.gov/fire-marshal
innovate_nd
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Commerce
Publication Date
2026-04-27
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.commerce.nd.gov/news/north-dakota-department-commerce-opens-applications-innovate-nd-grant-program-1
rwip
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Commerce
Publication Date
2025-09-15
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.commerce.nd.gov/news/north-dakota-department-commerce-opens-applications-regional-workforce-impact-program-rwip
nddf
Publisher
North Dakota Department of Commerce
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.commerce.nd.gov/economic-development-finance/development-fund
eia_nd
Publisher
U.S. Energy Information Administration
Publication Date
2025-11-10
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.eia.gov/electricity/state/northdakota/
nd_ev_fee
Publisher
U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/12199
evs_model
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicle-registration
epa_state_only
Publisher
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.epa.gov/e-manifest/state-only-hazardous-waste-subject-resource-conservation-and-recovery-act-manifests
epa_hw_permitting
Publisher
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date
2026-04-07
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.epa.gov/hwpermitting/hazardous-waste-permitting-your-state
epa_manifest_map
Publisher
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.epa.gov/e-manifest/map-state-adoption-and-authorization-status-hazardous-waste-electronic-manifest-rules
irs_clean_vehicle
Publisher
Internal Revenue Service
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.irs.gov/clean-vehicle-tax-credits
irs_30c
Publisher
Internal Revenue Service
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/alternative-fuel-vehicle-refueling-property-credit
ftc_franchise
Publisher
U.S. Federal Trade Commission
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/franchise-rule-compliance-guide
osha_333
Publisher
U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.333
osha_loto
Publisher
U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.osha.gov/control-hazardous-energy
epa_609
Publisher
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.epa.gov/mvac/section-609-technician-training-and-certification-programs
epa_battery
Publisher
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.epa.gov/recycle/used-lithium-ion-batteries
phmsa
Publisher
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/lithiumbatteries
nhtsa_ev_safety
Publisher
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/electric-and-hybrid-vehicles
nfpa_ev
Publisher
National Fire Protection Association
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.nfpa.org/education-and-research/electrical/ev-safety-training
ase_xev
Publisher
National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.ase.com/xev
nastf
Publisher
NASTF
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.nastf.org/
tesla_locator
Publisher
Tesla
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Commercial / live locator
Href
https://www.tesla.com/findus
rivian_locator
Publisher
Rivian
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Commercial / live locator
Href
https://rivian.com/experience/service
ford_locator
Publisher
Ford Motor Company
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Commercial / live locator
Href
https://www.ford.com/dealerships/
gm_locator
Publisher
General Motors
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Commercial / live locator
Href
https://www.gm.com/dealer-locator
toyota_locator
Publisher
Toyota Motor Sales
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Commercial / live locator
Href
https://www.toyota.com/dealers/
nd_statutes
Publisher
North Dakota Legislative Assembly
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://ndlegis.gov/general-information/north-dakota-century-code
fema_flood
Publisher
Federal Emergency Management Agency
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://msc.fema.gov/portal/home
noaa_nd
Publisher
National Centers for Environmental Information
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/climate-at-a-glance/statewide/time-series/32
afdc_nevi
Publisher
U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date
—
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Primary / authoritative
Href
https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/12744
widget_table_decision_summary
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_headline_kpis
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_registered_stock
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_adoption_history
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_stock_powertrain
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_definition_reconciliation
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_forecast
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_charging_history
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_charger_reliability
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_parc_age_service
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_tam_sam_som
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_customer_segments
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_fleet_segments
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_brands_models
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_oem_competitors
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_independent_competitors
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_regions
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_consumer_incentives
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_business_incentives
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_tax_snapshot
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_entity_licensing
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_labour
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_hv_safety
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_battery_waste
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_data_consumer
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_service_portfolio
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_operating_model
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_franchise_model
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_annual_scenarios
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_pilot_scenarios
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_risks
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_mitigations
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_plan_90_day
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_gates
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_methodology
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_data_gaps
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_table_source_audit
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_stock_chart
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_adoption_chart
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_forecast_chart
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_economics_chart
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_stock_card
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_share_card
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_ports_card
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—
widget_payback_card
Publisher
EVS
Publication Date
2026-08-13
Accessed At
2026-08-13
Classification
Internal analytical surface
Href
—

Source: EVS table: Complete source register

Method / Sources and confidence

Where every figure
comes from.

Registrations, charging and legal requirements are read from primary sources. Where no official dataset exists, the model and its assumptions are published instead of a single unexplained number. This report is a dated snapshot: August 2026.

  1. 01North Dakota Transportation Data
  2. 02Vehicle Registration Counts by State
  3. 03Alternative Fuel Station Counts by State
  4. 04North Dakota Get Connected EV market dashboard
  5. 05North Dakota EV Infrastructure Program
  6. 06Advanced Transportation and Congestion Management Technologies Deployment
  7. 07North Dakota Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
  8. 08State Plans
  9. 09Wage and Hour Topics
  10. 10Start a Business
  11. 11Register a Business
  12. 12Sales and Use Tax
  13. 13Local Taxes
  14. 14Corporate Income Tax
  15. 15New Businesses and Contractors
  16. 16State/EPA Site Identification
  17. 17Hazardous Waste Program
  18. 18North Dakota State Electrical Board
  19. 19Building Codes
  20. 20North Dakota Fire Marshal
  21. 21Innovate ND Grant Program
  22. 22Regional Workforce Impact Program
  23. 23North Dakota Development Fund
  24. 24North Dakota Electricity Profile 2024
  25. 25Electric Vehicle Fee
  26. 26EVS North Dakota market-sizing and economics model
  27. 27State-only hazardous waste and RCRA manifests
  28. 28Hazardous Waste Permitting in Your State
  29. 29State e-Manifest adoption map
  30. 30Clean vehicle credits
  31. 31Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit
  32. 32Franchise Rule Compliance Guide
  33. 3329 CFR 1910.333
  34. 34Control of hazardous energy
  35. 35Section 609 Technician Training and Certification
  36. 36Used Lithium-Ion Batteries
  37. 37Lithium Battery Guide for Shippers
  38. 38Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Safety
  39. 39Electric Vehicle Safety Training
  40. 40xEV Safety Certifications
  41. 41National Automotive Service Task Force
  42. 42Tesla Find Us / service workflow
  43. 43Rivian Service Centers
  44. 44Ford Dealer Locator
  45. 45GM Dealer Locator
  46. 46Toyota Dealer Locator
  47. 47North Dakota Century Code
  48. 48FEMA Flood Map Service Center
  49. 49North Dakota climate resources
  50. 50National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Formula Program
  51. 51EVS table: Executive verdictRead the bounded decision_summary snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  52. 52EVS table: Headline market indicatorsRead the bounded headline_kpis snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  53. 53EVS table: BEV/PHEV stock historyRead the bounded registered_stock snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  54. 54EVS table: Sales and adoption historyRead the bounded adoption_history snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  55. 55EVS table: Powertrain mixRead the bounded stock_powertrain snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  56. 56EVS table: Definition reconciliationRead the bounded definition_reconciliation snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  57. 57EVS table: 2030 EV scenariosRead the bounded forecast snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  58. 58EVS table: Charging infrastructureRead the bounded charging_history snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  59. 59EVS table: Charging diligenceRead the bounded charger_reliability snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  60. 60EVS table: Vehicle parc age and service demandRead the bounded parc_age_service snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  61. 61EVS table: TAM / SAM / SOM controlsRead the bounded tam_sam_som snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  62. 62EVS table: Customer segmentsRead the bounded customer_segments snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  63. 63EVS table: Fleet segmentsRead the bounded fleet_segments snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  64. 64EVS table: Leading brands and modelsRead the bounded brands_models snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  65. 65EVS table: OEM competitorsRead the bounded oem_competitors snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  66. 66EVS table: Independent competitorsRead the bounded independent_competitors snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  67. 67EVS table: Priority cities and regionsRead the bounded regions snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  68. 68EVS table: Consumer incentivesRead the bounded consumer_incentives snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  69. 69EVS table: Business and investment incentivesRead the bounded business_incentives snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  70. 70EVS table: Tax snapshotRead the bounded tax_snapshot snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  71. 71EVS table: Licensing, consumer and franchise controlsRead the bounded entity_licensing snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  72. 72EVS table: Labour and skillsRead the bounded labour snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  73. 73EVS table: High-voltage safetyRead the bounded hv_safety snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  74. 74EVS table: Battery and wasteRead the bounded battery_waste snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  75. 75EVS table: Data and consumer controlsRead the bounded data_consumer snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  76. 76EVS table: Recommended service portfolioRead the bounded service_portfolio snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  77. 77EVS table: Operating modelRead the bounded operating_model snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  78. 78EVS table: Franchise modelRead the bounded franchise_model snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  79. 79EVS table: Annual economicsRead the bounded annual_scenarios snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  80. 80EVS table: 90-day pilot economicsRead the bounded pilot_scenarios snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  81. 81EVS table: RisksRead the bounded risks snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  82. 82EVS table: MitigationsRead the bounded mitigations snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  83. 83EVS table: 90-day entry planRead the bounded plan_90_day snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  84. 84EVS table: Explicit go / no-go gatesRead the bounded gates snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  85. 85EVS table: MethodologyRead the bounded methodology snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  86. 86EVS table: Data gapsRead the bounded data_gaps snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  87. 87EVS table: Complete source registerRead the bounded source_audit snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  88. 88EVS chart: North Dakota registered plug-in stock snapshotsRead the bounded registered_stock snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  89. 89EVS chart: North Dakota adoption evidenceRead the bounded adoption_history snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  90. 90EVS chart: 2030 registered-EV sensitivitiesRead the bounded forecast snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  91. 91EVS chart: Annual EBITDA sensitivityRead the bounded annual_scenarios snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  92. 92EVS metric card: stock_cardRead the bounded headline_stock snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  93. 93EVS metric card: share_cardRead the bounded headline_share snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  94. 94EVS metric card: ports_cardRead the bounded headline_ports snapshot dataset used by this report visual.
  95. 95EVS metric card: payback_cardRead the bounded headline_payback snapshot dataset used by this report visual.

Reports are commercial research, not legal, tax or investment advice.

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