Market intelligence/United States/Report available

Ohio.

EVS Ohio EV Service Centre Market Entry

Decision-grade Ohio EV service-centre market-entry artifact with sourced facts, explicit assumptions, hard gates and full audit.

2025 plug-in stock

131,400

DOE/Experian rounded 2025 Ohio light-duty BEV+PHEV registration benchmark.

2024 plug-in share

527.8%

Exact-component 2024 Ohio plug-in share of new light-duty sales.

Public ports

5,262

Current public charging ports at access-date snapshot.

Base payback

2.591

Base simple payback sensitivity; not a forecast.

01/The verdict in full

Executive summary

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Headline market indicators

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Headline market indicators

Metric	Value	Unit	Source
Current rounded light-duty plug-in stock	131,400	BEV+PHEV vehicles	[afdc_oh]
Exact 2024 plug-in sales share	5.278	percent	[alliance_oh]
Current public charging ports	5,262	ports—access snapshot	[afdc_oh]
Central Ohio stock proxy share	16.541	percent	[alliance_d2][alliance_d3][alliance_oh]
Base annual EBITDA sensitivity	241,200	USD	[evs_model]

Current rounded light-duty plug-in stock

Value: 131,400
Unit: BEV+PHEV vehicles
Source: [afdc_oh]

Exact 2024 plug-in sales share

Value: 5.278
Unit: percent
Source: [alliance_oh]

Current public charging ports

Value: 5,262
Unit: ports—access snapshot
Source: [afdc_oh]

Central Ohio stock proxy share

Value: 16.541
Unit: percent
Source: [alliance_d2][alliance_d3][alliance_oh]

Base annual EBITDA sensitivity

Value: 241,200
Unit: USD
Source: [evs_model]

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_headline_kpis

BEV/PHEV stock history

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

BEV/PHEV stock history

Period	Bev	Phev	Plug In Total	Scope	Source
31 Dec 2024—Alliance/S&P exact	69,907	30,139	100,046	Exact light-duty powertrain snapshot	[alliance_oh]
2024—DOE rounded historical	69,400	29,700	99,100	Rounded light-duty historical series; not forced to equal S&P	[oh_current_stock]
2025—DOE rounded current	94,200	37,200	131,400	Rounded BEV+PHEV benchmark and current TAM anchor	[afdc_oh]

31 Dec 2024—Alliance/S&P exact

Bev: 69,907
Phev: 30,139
Plug In Total: 100,046
Scope: Exact light-duty powertrain snapshot
Source: [alliance_oh]

2024—DOE rounded historical

Bev: 69,400
Phev: 29,700
Plug In Total: 99,100
Scope: Rounded light-duty historical series; not forced to equal S&P
Source: [oh_current_stock]

2025—DOE rounded current

Bev: 94,200
Phev: 37,200
Plug In Total: 131,400
Scope: Rounded BEV+PHEV benchmark and current TAM anchor
Source: [afdc_oh]

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_registered_stock

Sales and adoption history

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Sales and adoption history

Period	Registered Plugin Stock	Annual Additions	New Sales Share Pct	Source
31 Dec 2024 exact stock	100,046	28,384	5.278	Stock and 2024 sales flow [alliance_oh]
2024 rounded DOE	99,100	—	—	Rounded light-duty historical series [oh_current_stock]
2025 rounded DOE	131,400	—	—	Rounded light-duty benchmark [afdc_oh]

31 Dec 2024 exact stock

Registered Plugin Stock: 100,046
Annual Additions: 28,384
New Sales Share Pct: 5.278
Source: Stock and 2024 sales flow [alliance_oh]

2024 rounded DOE

Registered Plugin Stock: 99,100
Annual Additions: —
New Sales Share Pct: —
Source: Rounded light-duty historical series [oh_current_stock]

2025 rounded DOE

Registered Plugin Stock: 131,400
Annual Additions: —
New Sales Share Pct: —
Source: Rounded light-duty benchmark [afdc_oh]

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_adoption_history

Powertrain mix

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Powertrain mix

Powertrain	Vehicles	Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct	Source	Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct
2024 BEV—exact	69,907	69.875	[alliance_oh]	0.65
2024 PHEV—exact	30,139	30.125	[alliance_oh]	0.28
2025 BEV—rounded	94,200	71.689	[afdc_oh]	—
2025 PHEV—rounded	37,200	28.311	[afdc_oh]	—

2024 BEV—exact

Vehicles: 69,907
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct: 69.875
Source: [alliance_oh]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct: 0.65

2024 PHEV—exact

Vehicles: 30,139
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct: 30.125
Source: [alliance_oh]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct: 0.28

2025 BEV—rounded

Vehicles: 94,200
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct: 71.689
Source: [afdc_oh]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct: —

2025 PHEV—rounded

Vehicles: 37,200
Share Of 2025 Plugins Pct: 28.311
Source: [afdc_oh]
Share Of 2024 Fleet Pct: —

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_stock_powertrain

Definition reconciliation

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Definition reconciliation

Series	Value	Definition	Control
Alliance/S&P 31 Dec 2024	100,046	Exact 69,907 BEV + 30,139 PHEV light-duty registrations.	Exact historical and district denominator.
DOE/Experian 2024	99,100	Rounded 69,400 BEV + 29,700 PHEV light-duty registrations.	Do not force equality with S&P.
DOE/Experian 2025	131,400	Rounded 94,200 BEV + 37,200 PHEV light-duty registrations.	Current TAM anchor; retain rounding.
2024 plug-in sales	28,384 / 5.278%	21,891 BEV + 6,493 PHEV divided by exact 537,748 component total.	Sales flow, not stock.
Charging	5,262 public + 517 private	Ports, not stations; live access-date inventory.	NEVI plans and awards remain separate.

Alliance/S&P 31 Dec 2024

Value: 100,046
Definition: Exact 69,907 BEV + 30,139 PHEV light-duty registrations.
Control: Exact historical and district denominator.

DOE/Experian 2024

Value: 99,100
Definition: Rounded 69,400 BEV + 29,700 PHEV light-duty registrations.
Control: Do not force equality with S&P.

DOE/Experian 2025

Value: 131,400
Definition: Rounded 94,200 BEV + 37,200 PHEV light-duty registrations.
Control: Current TAM anchor; retain rounding.

2024 plug-in sales

Value: 28,384 / 5.278%
Definition: 21,891 BEV + 6,493 PHEV divided by exact 537,748 component total.
Control: Sales flow, not stock.

Charging

Value: 5,262 public + 517 private
Definition: Ports, not stations; live access-date inventory.
Control: NEVI plans and awards remain separate.

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_definition_reconciliation

2030 EV scenarios

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

2030 EV scenarios

Scenario	Base Year	Base Stock	Annual Growth Pct	Modelled 2030 Evs	Status	Source
Cautious	2,025	131,400	5	167,703	EVS SENSITIVITY—NOT OFFICIAL FORECAST	[evs_model]
Base	2,025	131,400	10	211,621	EVS SENSITIVITY—NOT OFFICIAL FORECAST	[evs_model]
High	2,025	131,400	15	264,292	EVS SENSITIVITY—NOT OFFICIAL FORECAST	[evs_model]

Cautious

Base Year: 2,025
Base Stock: 131,400
Annual Growth Pct: 5
Modelled 2030 Evs: 167,703
Status: EVS SENSITIVITY—NOT OFFICIAL FORECAST
Source: [evs_model]

Base

Base Year: 2,025
Base Stock: 131,400
Annual Growth Pct: 10
Modelled 2030 Evs: 211,621
Status: EVS SENSITIVITY—NOT OFFICIAL FORECAST
Source: [evs_model]

High

Base Year: 2,025
Base Stock: 131,400
Annual Growth Pct: 15
Modelled 2030 Evs: 264,292
Status: EVS SENSITIVITY—NOT OFFICIAL FORECAST
Source: [evs_model]

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_forecast

Charging infrastructure

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Charging infrastructure

As Of	Level2 Ports	Dc Fast Ports	Total Public Ports	Stations	Source	Public Ports	Private Ports	Total Ports
1 Jan 2025—Alliance	3,168	1,094	4,262	1,772	1,419 L2 plus 353 DC-fast stations; ports are the total [alliance_oh]	4,262	—	4,262
12 Aug 2026 access—AFDC	—	—	5,262	—	Live access snapshot [afdc_oh]	5,262	517	5,779
Current Ohio NEVI planning	—	—	—	—	Plan/pipeline only; no unsourced operating count [ohdot_nevi]	—	—	—

1 Jan 2025—Alliance

Level2 Ports: 3,168
Dc Fast Ports: 1,094
Total Public Ports: 4,262
Stations: 1,772
Source: 1,419 L2 plus 353 DC-fast stations; ports are the total [alliance_oh]
Public Ports: 4,262
Private Ports: —
Total Ports: 4,262

12 Aug 2026 access—AFDC

Level2 Ports: —
Dc Fast Ports: —
Total Public Ports: 5,262
Stations: —
Source: Live access snapshot [afdc_oh]
Public Ports: 5,262
Private Ports: 517
Total Ports: 5,779

Current Ohio NEVI planning

Level2 Ports: —
Dc Fast Ports: —
Total Public Ports: —
Stations: —
Source: Plan/pipeline only; no unsourced operating count [ohdot_nevi]
Public Ports: —
Private Ports: —
Total Ports: —

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_charging_history

Charging diligence

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Charging diligence

Control	Requirement	Status
Definition	Separate ports, stations, plan locations, awards, funding and commissioned sites.	MANDATORY
NEVI	Use only commissioned locations in operating-port counts; plan documents are not inventory.	CONTROL [ohdot_nevi]
Pilot EVSE	Load study, licensed contractor, permit, utility approval, inspection, networking and logs.	OPEN [contractors_board][oh_electrical]
Utility incentive	Assume zero until written program and exact-site reservation.	OPEN [oh_ev_charging_program]
Federal 30C	Assume zero until tax counsel confirms current law, census tract and placed-in-service eligibility.	ZERO [federal_30c_expired]

Definition

Requirement: Separate ports, stations, plan locations, awards, funding and commissioned sites.
Status: MANDATORY

NEVI

Requirement: Use only commissioned locations in operating-port counts; plan documents are not inventory.
Status: CONTROL [ohdot_nevi]

Pilot EVSE

Requirement: Load study, licensed contractor, permit, utility approval, inspection, networking and logs.
Status: OPEN [contractors_board][oh_electrical]

Utility incentive

Requirement: Assume zero until written program and exact-site reservation.
Status: OPEN [oh_ev_charging_program]

Federal 30C

Requirement: Assume zero until tax counsel confirms current law, census tract and placed-in-service eligibility.
Status: ZERO [federal_30c_expired]

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_charger_reliability

Vehicle parc age and service demand

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Vehicle parc age and service demand

Fact	Value	Unit	Implication
Ohio average vehicle age	12.2	years	Supports tyres, brakes, suspension, 12-V and thermal work [alliance_oh].
District 1 plug-in stock	12,501	vehicles	Strongest single sourced district; 11.3-year average age and $75.8k median household income [alliance_d1].
District 3 plug-in stock	9,601	vehicles	Central Columbus proxy; 11.2-year average age [alliance_d2].
District 15 plug-in stock	6,948	vehicles	West/suburban Columbus proxy; 11.9-year average age [alliance_d3].
District 11 plug-in stock	7,884	vehicles	Cleveland urban proxy; 11.2-year average age [alliance_d4].
District 13 plug-in stock	6,966	vehicles	Akron-area proxy; 11.4-year average age [alliance_q4_2025].

Ohio average vehicle age

Value: 12.2
Unit: years
Implication: Supports tyres, brakes, suspension, 12-V and thermal work [alliance_oh].

District 1 plug-in stock

Value: 12,501
Unit: vehicles
Implication: Strongest single sourced district; 11.3-year average age and $75.8k median household income [alliance_d1].

District 3 plug-in stock

Value: 9,601
Unit: vehicles
Implication: Central Columbus proxy; 11.2-year average age [alliance_d2].

District 15 plug-in stock

Value: 6,948
Unit: vehicles
Implication: West/suburban Columbus proxy; 11.9-year average age [alliance_d3].

District 11 plug-in stock

Value: 7,884
Unit: vehicles
Implication: Cleveland urban proxy; 11.2-year average age [alliance_d4].

District 13 plug-in stock

Value: 6,966
Unit: vehicles
Implication: Akron-area proxy; 11.4-year average age [alliance_q4_2025].

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_parc_age_service

TAM / SAM / SOM controls

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

TAM / SAM / SOM controls

Layer	Value	Unit	Status	Basis
TAM—rounded 2025 light-duty registrations	131,400	vehicles	SOURCED / ROUNDED	DOE/Experian 94,200 BEV + 37,200 PHEV [afdc_oh].
Service-window sensitivity	39,420	vehicles	EVS ASSUMPTION	TAM × 30% [evs_model].
Independent-consideration sensitivity	9,855	vehicles	EVS ASSUMPTION	Service window × 25% [evs_model].

TAM—rounded 2025 light-duty registrations

Value: 131,400
Unit: vehicles
Status: SOURCED / ROUNDED
Basis: DOE/Experian 94,200 BEV + 37,200 PHEV [afdc_oh].

Service-window sensitivity

Value: 39,420
Unit: vehicles
Status: EVS ASSUMPTION
Basis: TAM × 30% [evs_model].

Independent-consideration sensitivity

Value: 9,855
Unit: vehicles
Status: EVS ASSUMPTION
Basis: Service window × 25% [evs_model].

3 more rows in the full report

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_tam_sam_som

Customer segments

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Customer segments

Segment	Priority	Need
Out-of-warranty Columbus, Cincinnati and Cleveland EV households	P1	OEM-procedure diagnostics, transparent scope and safe HV isolation.
High-mileage commuters and ride-hail drivers	P1	Tyres, alignment, thermal, charging-fault and uptime service.
Used-EV buyers and sellers	P1	Pre-purchase scan, battery-health evidence and uncertainty disclosure.
Delivery and service fleets	P1	Fast booking, evening turns and downtime reporting.
PHEV owners	P2	Combined engine, emissions, HV and cooling competence.

Out-of-warranty Columbus, Cincinnati and Cleveland EV households

Priority: P1
Need: OEM-procedure diagnostics, transparent scope and safe HV isolation.

High-mileage commuters and ride-hail drivers

Priority: P1
Need: Tyres, alignment, thermal, charging-fault and uptime service.

Used-EV buyers and sellers

Priority: P1
Need: Pre-purchase scan, battery-health evidence and uncertainty disclosure.

Delivery and service fleets

Priority: P1
Need: Fast booking, evening turns and downtime reporting.

PHEV owners

Priority: P2
Need: Combined engine, emissions, HV and cooling competence.

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_customer_segments

Fleet segments

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Fleet segments

Segment	Priority	Offer	Evidence
Ride-hail, rental and delivery	P1	Evening turns, tyres, alignment and uptime SLA.	Paid LOIs and vehicle roster required.
Municipal, utility, campus and health systems	P1	Scheduled inspections and mobile light service.	Task, parking and power survey.
Last-mile and field-service fleets	P1	Inspection, tyres, brakes, thermal and scan evidence.	Three-fleet paid clinic.
Dealer and body-shop overflow	P2	Procedure-controlled mechanical, diagnostic and ADAS tasks.	Written scope, data and parts access.

Ride-hail, rental and delivery

Priority: P1
Offer: Evening turns, tyres, alignment and uptime SLA.
Evidence: Paid LOIs and vehicle roster required.

Municipal, utility, campus and health systems

Priority: P1
Offer: Scheduled inspections and mobile light service.
Evidence: Task, parking and power survey.

Last-mile and field-service fleets

Priority: P1
Offer: Inspection, tyres, brakes, thermal and scan evidence.
Evidence: Three-fleet paid clinic.

Dealer and body-shop overflow

Priority: P2
Offer: Procedure-controlled mechanical, diagnostic and ADAS tasks.
Evidence: Written scope, data and parts access.

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_fleet_segments

Leading brands and models

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Leading brands and models

Family	Priority	Reason	Evidence
—	—	—	Official Ohio service locator plus independent battery/service competition.
—	—	—	PHEVs are 30.1% of exact 2024 Ohio plug-in stock.
—	—	—	Regional manufacturing relevance; Ohio model mix not quantified.
—	—	—	National relevance; Ohio model mix not quantified.
—	—	—	National relevance; Ohio model mix not quantified.

—

Priority: —
Reason: —
Evidence: Official Ohio service locator plus independent battery/service competition.

—

Priority: —
Reason: —
Evidence: PHEVs are 30.1% of exact 2024 Ohio plug-in stock.

—

Priority: —
Reason: —
Evidence: Regional manufacturing relevance; Ohio model mix not quantified.

—

Priority: —
Reason: —
Evidence: National relevance; Ohio model mix not quantified.

—

Priority: —
Reason: —
Evidence: National relevance; Ohio model mix not quantified.

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_brands_models

15In the full report

OEM competitors

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

16In the full report

Independent competitors

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

17In the full report

Priority cities and regions

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

18In the full report

Consumer incentives

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

19In the full report

Business and investment incentives

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

20In the full report

Tax snapshot

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

21In the full report

Licensing, consumer and franchise controls

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

22In the full report

Labour and skills

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

23In the full report

High-voltage safety

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

24In the full report

Battery and waste

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

Data and consumer controls

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Data and consumer controls

Topic	Rule	Implication
Repair licence	Repairer must hold the applicable Ohio DMV licence.	Opening gate.
Written authorization and estimate	Obtain signed authorization and disclose maximum parts/labour cost before work.	DMS hard stop.
Diagnostic charge	Written consent when the estimate/diagnosis charge is $50 or more.	No surprise fee.
Invoice and additions	Itemized invoice and approval for added work under current law.	Release gate.
Battery-health statements	No unsupported degradation or life prediction.	Evidence product, not promise.

Repair licence

Rule: Repairer must hold the applicable Ohio DMV licence.
Implication: Opening gate.

Written authorization and estimate

Rule: Obtain signed authorization and disclose maximum parts/labour cost before work.
Implication: DMS hard stop.

Diagnostic charge

Rule: Written consent when the estimate/diagnosis charge is $50 or more.
Implication: No surprise fee.

Invoice and additions

Rule: Itemized invoice and approval for added work under current law.
Implication: Release gate.

Battery-health statements

Rule: No unsupported degradation or life prediction.
Implication: Evidence product, not promise.

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_data_consumer

26In the full report

Recommended service portfolio

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

27In the full report

Operating model

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

28In the full report

Franchise model

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

29In the full report

Annual economics

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

30In the full report

90-day pilot economics

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

31In the full report

Risks

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

Mitigations

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Mitigations

Risk	Mitigation	Owner	Trigger
Demand	250 paid-job clinic, three fleet LOIs and VIN/task capture before lease.	—	Paid-job or repeat threshold missed.
Cost	Compare Dublin/Hilliard with Mason/Blue Ash on occupancy, wage and drive-time evidence.	—	Base payback exceeds 36 months.
Safety	Observed authorization, LOTO, PPE, quarantine and responder drills.	—	Any critical audit failure.
Parts/data	Green/amber/red VIN-task matrix and NASTF/OEM subscriptions.	—	No lawful procedure/part/tool path.
Site/power	Utility, local permitting, fire and drainage/resilience memo before lease.	—	Schedule/load/cost miss.
Waste	Generator category, characterization, recipient and PHMSA carrier evidence.	—	Any missing chain document.

Demand

Mitigation: 250 paid-job clinic, three fleet LOIs and VIN/task capture before lease.
Owner: —
Trigger: Paid-job or repeat threshold missed.

Cost

Mitigation: Compare Dublin/Hilliard with Mason/Blue Ash on occupancy, wage and drive-time evidence.
Owner: —
Trigger: Base payback exceeds 36 months.

Safety

Mitigation: Observed authorization, LOTO, PPE, quarantine and responder drills.
Owner: —
Trigger: Any critical audit failure.

Parts/data

Mitigation: Green/amber/red VIN-task matrix and NASTF/OEM subscriptions.
Owner: —
Trigger: No lawful procedure/part/tool path.

Site/power

Mitigation: Utility, local permitting, fire and drainage/resilience memo before lease.
Owner: —
Trigger: Schedule/load/cost miss.

Waste

Mitigation: Generator category, characterization, recipient and PHMSA carrier evidence.
Owner: —
Trigger: Any missing chain document.

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_mitigations

33In the full report

90-day entry plan

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

34In the full report

Explicit go / no-go gates

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

This section is in the full report.

Methodology

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Methodology

Step	Method	Control
Queue control	Selected only locked rank-21 Ohio; checked no completed duplicate.	—
Source hierarchy	Ohio agencies and federal regulators first; Alliance/S&P for exact 2024 market snapshots; commercial pages only for presence.	—
Definitions	Kept DOE rounded 2024/2025 counts, exact S&P stock/sales, ports, stations and NEVI plans separate.	—
Sizing	131,400 × 30% × 25% × 35%; assumptions explicit; verified SAM null and SOM zero.	—
Forecast	Five-year 5%/10%/15% sensitivities from rounded 2025 anchor.	—
Economics	Jobs × ARO; gross profit less fixed opex; capex divided by positive EBITDA.	—
Release	Evidence thresholds control site, scope, fleet route and franchise.	—

Queue control

Method: Selected only locked rank-21 Ohio; checked no completed duplicate.
Control: —

Source hierarchy

Method: Ohio agencies and federal regulators first; Alliance/S&P for exact 2024 market snapshots; commercial pages only for presence.
Control: —

Definitions

Method: Kept DOE rounded 2024/2025 counts, exact S&P stock/sales, ports, stations and NEVI plans separate.
Control: —

Sizing

Method: 131,400 × 30% × 25% × 35%; assumptions explicit; verified SAM null and SOM zero.
Control: —

Forecast

Method: Five-year 5%/10%/15% sensitivities from rounded 2025 anchor.
Control: —

Economics

Method: Jobs × ARO; gross profit less fixed opex; capex divided by positive EBITDA.
Control: —

Release

Method: Evidence thresholds control site, scope, fleet route and franchise.
Control: —

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_methodology

Data gaps

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Data gaps

Gap	Effect	Closure
Exact 2025 light-duty BEV/PHEV registration extract	—	—
VIN/age/warranty/task catchment	—	—
Competitor price, scope, capacity and lead time	—	—
Exact-site rent, power, tariff, tax and permitting	—	—
Battery/waste classifications and recipients	—	—
Technician availability and actual wage	—	—

Exact 2025 light-duty BEV/PHEV registration extract

Effect: —
Closure: —

VIN/age/warranty/task catchment

Effect: —
Closure: —

Competitor price, scope, capacity and lead time

Effect: —
Closure: —

Exact-site rent, power, tariff, tax and permitting

Effect: —
Closure: —

Battery/waste classifications and recipients

Effect: —
Closure: —

Technician availability and actual wage

Effect: —
Closure: —

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_data_gaps

Complete source register

Reviewed Ohio evidence and EVS controls. Sourced facts, assumptions, uncertainty and release conditions remain separated.

Complete source register

Source Id	Publisher	Publication Date	Accessed At	Classification	Href
afdc_oh	U.S. Department of Energy	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://afdc.energy.gov/states/OH
oh_current_stock	U.S. Department of Energy	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicle-registration
alliance_oh	Alliance for Automotive Innovation	2025-01-01	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh
alliance_d1	Alliance for Automotive Innovation	2025-01-01	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/1
alliance_d2	Alliance for Automotive Innovation	2025-01-01	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/3
alliance_d3	Alliance for Automotive Innovation	2025-01-01	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/15
alliance_d4	Alliance for Automotive Innovation	2025-01-01	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/11
alliance_q4_2025	Alliance for Automotive Innovation	2025-01-01	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/13
census_oh	U.S. Census Bureau	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/OH/PST045225
ohdot_nevi	Federal Highway Administration	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/nevi/ev_deployment_plans/oh_nevi_plan.pdf
oh_ev_charging	Public Utilities Commission of Ohio	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://puco.ohio.gov/utilities/electricity/resources/electric-vehicles
oh_business_incentives	Ohio Department of Development	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://development.ohio.gov/business
oh_repair_rules	Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/rule-109%3A4-3-13
oh_repair_license	Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/chapter-109%3A4-3
business_hub	Ohio Secretary of State	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.ohiosos.gov/businesses/
oh_sos_portal	State of Ohio	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://gateway.ohio.gov/
tax_register	Ohio Department of Taxation	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://tax.ohio.gov/business
tax_sales	Ohio Department of Taxation	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://thefinder.tax.ohio.gov/
tax_mbt	Ohio Department of Taxation	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://tax.ohio.gov/business/ohio-business-taxes/commercial-activity-tax
tax_commerce	Ohio Department of Taxation	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://tax.ohio.gov/business/ohio-business-taxes/employer-withholding
goed_business	Ohio Department of Development	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://development.ohio.gov/business/state-incentives/ohio-enterprise-zone-program
goed_incentives	JobsOhio	—	2026-08-12	Authoritative quasi-public	https://www.jobsohio.com/why-ohio/incentives
labor_wage	Ohio Department of Commerce	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/wage-and-hour/ohio-minimum-wage
oh_osha	Ohio Bureau of Workers’ Compensation	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://info.bwc.ohio.gov/safety-services/safety-consultations
contractors_board	Ohio Department of Commerce	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/boards/ohio-construction-industry-licensing-board
oh_electrical	Ohio Department of Commerce	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/electrical-safety-and-licensing
ohdeep_auto_waste	Ohio Environmental Protection Agency	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://epa.ohio.gov/divisions-and-offices/environmental-compliance-assistance/guides-and-manuals
ohdeep_hazardous	Ohio Environmental Protection Agency	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://epa.ohio.gov/divisions-and-offices/environmental-response-revitalization/guides-and-manuals/hazardous-waste-program
oh_fire_code	Ohio Department of Commerce	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/state-fire-marshal/fire-prevention/fire-code
afdc_emissions	U.S. Department of Energy	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=OH
osha_333	Occupational Safety and Health Administration	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.333
osha_loto	Occupational Safety and Health Administration	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.147
epa_battery	U.S. EPA	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.epa.gov/hw/lithium-ion-battery-recycling-frequently-asked-questions
epa_609	U.S. EPA	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.epa.gov/mvac/section-609-technician-training-and-certification-programs
phmsa	PHMSA	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/lithiumbatteries
nhtsa_ev_safety	NHTSA	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/electric-and-hybrid-vehicles
ase_xev	ASE	—	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://www.ase.com/xev
ftc_franchise	Federal Trade Commission	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.ftc.gov/legal-library/browse/rules/franchise-rule
nastf	NASTF	—	2026-08-12	Authoritative industry	https://wp.nastf.org/
irs_clean_vehicle	U.S. Department of Energy	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/ev-tax-credits
tesla_columbus	Tesla	—	2026-08-12	Commercial primary source	https://www.tesla.com/findus/list/services/United%20States
rivian_locations	Rivian	—	2026-08-12	Commercial primary source	https://rivian.com/spaces/locations
electrified_garage	Electrified Garage	—	2026-08-12	Commercial primary source	https://www.electrifiedgarage.com/
greentec_auto	Greentec Auto	—	2026-08-12	Commercial primary source	https://www.greentecauto.com/
cleveland_hybrid	Cleveland Hybrid	—	2026-08-12	Commercial primary source	https://clevelandhybrid.com/
oh_fee_current	U.S. Department of Energy	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/12203
federal_30c_expired	Internal Revenue Service	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/alternative-fuel-vehicle-refueling-property-credit
oh_ev_charging_program	U.S. Department of Energy	—	2026-08-12	Primary / authoritative	https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=OH
evs_logo	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	EVS asset	https://evsworldwide.com/
evs_model	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	EVS assumption register	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_stock_card	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_share_card	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_ports_card	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_payback_card	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_stock_chart	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_adoption_chart	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_forecast_chart	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_economics_chart	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_decision_summary	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_headline_kpis	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_registered_stock	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_adoption_history	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_stock_powertrain	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_definition_reconciliation	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_forecast	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_charging_history	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_charger_reliability	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_parc_age_service	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_tam_sam_som	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_customer_segments	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_fleet_segments	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_brands_models	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_oem_competitors	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_independent_competitors	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_regions	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_consumer_incentives	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_business_incentives	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_tax_snapshot	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_entity_licensing	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_labour	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_hv_safety	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_battery_waste	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_data_consumer	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_service_portfolio	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_operating_model	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_franchise_model	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_annual_scenarios	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_pilot_scenarios	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_risks	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_mitigations	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_plan_90_day	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_gates	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_methodology	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_data_gaps	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/
widget_table_source_audit	EVS Worldwide	2026-08-12	2026-08-12	Artifact provenance	https://evsworldwide.com/

afdc_oh

Publisher: U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://afdc.energy.gov/states/OH

oh_current_stock

Publisher: U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicle-registration

alliance_oh

Publisher: Alliance for Automotive Innovation
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh

alliance_d1

Publisher: Alliance for Automotive Innovation
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/1

alliance_d2

Publisher: Alliance for Automotive Innovation
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/3

alliance_d3

Publisher: Alliance for Automotive Innovation
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/15

alliance_d4

Publisher: Alliance for Automotive Innovation
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/11

alliance_q4_2025

Publisher: Alliance for Automotive Innovation
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/oh/13

census_oh

Publisher: U.S. Census Bureau
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/OH/PST045225

ohdot_nevi

Publisher: Federal Highway Administration
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/nevi/ev_deployment_plans/oh_nevi_plan.pdf

oh_ev_charging

Publisher: Public Utilities Commission of Ohio
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://puco.ohio.gov/utilities/electricity/resources/electric-vehicles

oh_business_incentives

Publisher: Ohio Department of Development
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://development.ohio.gov/business

oh_repair_rules

Publisher: Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/rule-109%3A4-3-13

oh_repair_license

Publisher: Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-administrative-code/chapter-109%3A4-3

business_hub

Publisher: Ohio Secretary of State
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.ohiosos.gov/businesses/

oh_sos_portal

Publisher: State of Ohio
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://gateway.ohio.gov/

tax_register

Publisher: Ohio Department of Taxation
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://tax.ohio.gov/business

tax_sales

Publisher: Ohio Department of Taxation
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://thefinder.tax.ohio.gov/

tax_mbt

Publisher: Ohio Department of Taxation
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://tax.ohio.gov/business/ohio-business-taxes/commercial-activity-tax

tax_commerce

Publisher: Ohio Department of Taxation
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://tax.ohio.gov/business/ohio-business-taxes/employer-withholding

goed_business

Publisher: Ohio Department of Development
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://development.ohio.gov/business/state-incentives/ohio-enterprise-zone-program

goed_incentives

Publisher: JobsOhio
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative quasi-public
Href: https://www.jobsohio.com/why-ohio/incentives

labor_wage

Publisher: Ohio Department of Commerce
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/wage-and-hour/ohio-minimum-wage

oh_osha

Publisher: Ohio Bureau of Workers’ Compensation
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://info.bwc.ohio.gov/safety-services/safety-consultations

contractors_board

Publisher: Ohio Department of Commerce
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/boards/ohio-construction-industry-licensing-board

oh_electrical

Publisher: Ohio Department of Commerce
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/industrial-compliance/electrical-safety-and-licensing

ohdeep_auto_waste

Publisher: Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://epa.ohio.gov/divisions-and-offices/environmental-compliance-assistance/guides-and-manuals

ohdeep_hazardous

Publisher: Ohio Environmental Protection Agency
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://epa.ohio.gov/divisions-and-offices/environmental-response-revitalization/guides-and-manuals/hazardous-waste-program

oh_fire_code

Publisher: Ohio Department of Commerce
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://com.ohio.gov/divisions-and-programs/state-fire-marshal/fire-prevention/fire-code

afdc_emissions

Publisher: U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=OH

osha_333

Publisher: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.333

osha_loto

Publisher: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.147

epa_battery

Publisher: U.S. EPA
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.epa.gov/hw/lithium-ion-battery-recycling-frequently-asked-questions

epa_609

Publisher: U.S. EPA
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.epa.gov/mvac/section-609-technician-training-and-certification-programs

phmsa

Publisher: PHMSA
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/lithiumbatteries

nhtsa_ev_safety

Publisher: NHTSA
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.nhtsa.gov/vehicle-safety/electric-and-hybrid-vehicles

ase_xev

Publisher: ASE
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://www.ase.com/xev

ftc_franchise

Publisher: Federal Trade Commission
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.ftc.gov/legal-library/browse/rules/franchise-rule

nastf

Publisher: NASTF
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Authoritative industry
Href: https://wp.nastf.org/

irs_clean_vehicle

Publisher: U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/ev-tax-credits

tesla_columbus

Publisher: Tesla
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Commercial primary source
Href: https://www.tesla.com/findus/list/services/United%20States

rivian_locations

Publisher: Rivian
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Commercial primary source
Href: https://rivian.com/spaces/locations

electrified_garage

Publisher: Electrified Garage
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Commercial primary source
Href: https://www.electrifiedgarage.com/

greentec_auto

Publisher: Greentec Auto
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Commercial primary source
Href: https://www.greentecauto.com/

cleveland_hybrid

Publisher: Cleveland Hybrid
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Commercial primary source
Href: https://clevelandhybrid.com/

oh_fee_current

Publisher: U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/12203

federal_30c_expired

Publisher: Internal Revenue Service
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/alternative-fuel-vehicle-refueling-property-credit

oh_ev_charging_program

Publisher: U.S. Department of Energy
Publication Date: —
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Primary / authoritative
Href: https://afdc.energy.gov/laws/all?state=OH

evs_logo

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: EVS asset
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

evs_model

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: EVS assumption register
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_stock_card

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_share_card

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_ports_card

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_payback_card

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_stock_chart

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_adoption_chart

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_forecast_chart

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_economics_chart

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_decision_summary

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_headline_kpis

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_registered_stock

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_adoption_history

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_stock_powertrain

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_definition_reconciliation

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_forecast

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_charging_history

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_charger_reliability

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_parc_age_service

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_tam_sam_som

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_customer_segments

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_fleet_segments

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_brands_models

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_oem_competitors

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_independent_competitors

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_regions

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_consumer_incentives

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_business_incentives

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_tax_snapshot

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_entity_licensing

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_labour

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_hv_safety

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_battery_waste

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_data_consumer

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_service_portfolio

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_operating_model

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_franchise_model

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_annual_scenarios

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_pilot_scenarios

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_risks

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_mitigations

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_plan_90_day

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_gates

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_methodology

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_data_gaps

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

widget_table_source_audit

Publisher: EVS Worldwide
Publication Date: 2026-08-12
Accessed At: 2026-08-12
Classification: Artifact provenance
Href: https://evsworldwide.com/

Source: EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_source_audit

Method / Sources and confidence

Where every figure
comes from.

Registrations, charging and legal requirements are read from primary sources. Where no official dataset exists, the model and its assumptions are published instead of a single unexplained number. This report is a dated snapshot: August 2026.

01Alternative Fuels Data Center—Ohio
02Vehicle Registration Counts by State
03Ohio Economic Data
04Ohio Congressional District 1
05Ohio Congressional District 3
06Ohio Congressional District 15
07Ohio Congressional District 11
08Ohio Congressional District 13
09QuickFacts—Ohio
10Ohio NEVI Deployment Plan
11Electric Vehicles and Charging
12Business Resources
13Motor Vehicle Repairs—Ohio Administrative Code 109:4-3-13
14Consumer Sales Practices Rules—Chapter 109:4-3
15Business Services
16Ohio Business Gateway
17Business Tax Registration
18The Finder—Sales and Use Tax
19Commercial Activity Tax
20Employer Withholding Tax
21Ohio Enterprise Zone Program
22JobsOhio Small Business Academy and Site Assistance
23Ohio Minimum Wage
24On-Site Consultation Program
25Ohio Construction Industry Licensing Board
26Electrical Safety and Licensing
27Automotive Maintenance and Repair Environmental Compliance
28Hazardous Waste Program
29Ohio Fire Code
30Ohio Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Laws and Incentives
3129 CFR 1910.333
3229 CFR 1910.147
33Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling FAQ
34Section 609 Technician Training
35Transporting Lithium Batteries
36Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Safety
37xEV High-Voltage Safety Certifications
38Franchise Rule
39National Automotive Service Task Force
40Clean Vehicle Tax Credits
41Tesla Columbus Service
42Rivian Locations
43Electrified Garage
44Greentec Auto
45Cleveland Hybrid
46Ohio Electric Vehicle Registration Fee
47Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit
48Ohio Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Incentives
49EVS Transparent SVG Logo
50EVS Ohio Decision Model
51EVS artifact provenance—widget_stock_cardReturn bounded reviewed rows for stock_card.
52EVS artifact provenance—widget_share_cardReturn bounded reviewed rows for share_card.
53EVS artifact provenance—widget_ports_cardReturn bounded reviewed rows for ports_card.
54EVS artifact provenance—widget_payback_cardReturn bounded reviewed rows for payback_card.
55EVS artifact provenance—widget_stock_chartReturn bounded reviewed rows for stock_chart.
56EVS artifact provenance—widget_adoption_chartReturn bounded reviewed rows for adoption_chart.
57EVS artifact provenance—widget_forecast_chartReturn bounded reviewed rows for forecast_chart.
58EVS artifact provenance—widget_economics_chartReturn bounded reviewed rows for economics_chart.
59EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_decision_summaryReturn bounded reviewed rows for decision_summary_table.
60EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_headline_kpisReturn bounded reviewed rows for headline_kpis_table.
61EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_registered_stockReturn bounded reviewed rows for registered_stock_table.
62EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_adoption_historyReturn bounded reviewed rows for adoption_history_table.
63EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_stock_powertrainReturn bounded reviewed rows for stock_powertrain_table.
64EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_definition_reconciliationReturn bounded reviewed rows for definition_reconciliation_table.
65EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_forecastReturn bounded reviewed rows for forecast_table.
66EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_charging_historyReturn bounded reviewed rows for charging_history_table.
67EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_charger_reliabilityReturn bounded reviewed rows for charger_reliability_table.
68EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_parc_age_serviceReturn bounded reviewed rows for parc_age_service_table.
69EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_tam_sam_somReturn bounded reviewed rows for tam_sam_som_table.
70EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_customer_segmentsReturn bounded reviewed rows for customer_segments_table.
71EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_fleet_segmentsReturn bounded reviewed rows for fleet_segments_table.
72EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_brands_modelsReturn bounded reviewed rows for brands_models_table.
73EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_oem_competitorsReturn bounded reviewed rows for oem_competitors_table.
74EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_independent_competitorsReturn bounded reviewed rows for independent_competitors_table.
75EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_regionsReturn bounded reviewed rows for regions_table.
76EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_consumer_incentivesReturn bounded reviewed rows for consumer_incentives_table.
77EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_business_incentivesReturn bounded reviewed rows for business_incentives_table.
78EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_tax_snapshotReturn bounded reviewed rows for tax_snapshot_table.
79EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_entity_licensingReturn bounded reviewed rows for entity_licensing_table.
80EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_labourReturn bounded reviewed rows for labour_table.
81EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_hv_safetyReturn bounded reviewed rows for hv_safety_table.
82EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_battery_wasteReturn bounded reviewed rows for battery_waste_table.
83EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_data_consumerReturn bounded reviewed rows for data_consumer_table.
84EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_service_portfolioReturn bounded reviewed rows for service_portfolio_table.
85EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_operating_modelReturn bounded reviewed rows for operating_model_table.
86EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_franchise_modelReturn bounded reviewed rows for franchise_model_table.
87EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_annual_scenariosReturn bounded reviewed rows for annual_scenarios_table.
88EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_pilot_scenariosReturn bounded reviewed rows for pilot_scenarios_table.
89EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_risksReturn bounded reviewed rows for risks_table.
90EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_mitigationsReturn bounded reviewed rows for mitigations_table.
91EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_plan_90_dayReturn bounded reviewed rows for plan_90_day_table.
92EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_gatesReturn bounded reviewed rows for gates_table.
93EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_methodologyReturn bounded reviewed rows for methodology_table.
94EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_data_gapsReturn bounded reviewed rows for data_gaps_table.
95EVS artifact provenance—widget_table_source_auditReturn bounded reviewed rows for source_audit_table.

04 / Not in your country yet?

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to your market.

Tell us your territory. We'll send the market research alongside the franchise pack and connect you with the team behind every EVS centre.

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Ohio.

Executive summary

Headline market indicators

BEV/PHEV stock history

Sales and adoption history

Powertrain mix

Definition reconciliation

2030 EV scenarios

Charging infrastructure

Charging diligence

Vehicle parc age and service demand

TAM / SAM / SOM controls

Customer segments

Fleet segments

Leading brands and models

OEM competitors

Independent competitors

Priority cities and regions

Consumer incentives

Business and investment incentives

Tax snapshot

Licensing, consumer and franchise controls

Labour and skills

High-voltage safety

Battery and waste

Data and consumer controls

Recommended service portfolio

Operating model

Franchise model

Annual economics

90-day pilot economics

Risks

Mitigations

90-day entry plan

Explicit go / no-go gates

Methodology

Data gaps

Complete source register

Where every figurecomes from.

Get the full Ohio report

Other US state markets.

California

Florida

Texas

New York

Bring EVS to your market.

Where every figure
comes from.

Bring EVS
to your market.