New York
EVS New York EV Service Centre Market Entry
Decision-grade state market-entry report for an EVS electric-vehicle service-centre model in New York.
2025 registered light-duty BEV+PHEV stock.
Plug-ins divided by listed AFDC fuel categories.
Public connector ports, not sites.
EVS base simple-payback sensitivity.
The verdict in full
A reversible Long Island hub is conditional; franchise release is no-go.
Headline market indicators
Sourced facts and EVS controls are explicit.
Headline market indicators
| Metric | Value | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered BEV stock—2025 | 209,300 | vehicles | [afdc_ny] |
| Registered PHEV stock—2025 | 125,100 | vehicles | [afdc_ny] |
| Registered plug-in stock—2025 | 334,400 | vehicles | BEV + PHEV [afdc_ny] |
| Public charging ports—current access snapshot | 21,219 | ports | [afdc_ny] |
| Average vehicle age—2024 | 10.4 | years | [auto_ny] |
| Executable SOM | 0 | jobs/year | [evs_model] |
- Value
- 209,300
- Unit
- vehicles
- Source
- [afdc_ny]
- Value
- 125,100
- Unit
- vehicles
- Source
- [afdc_ny]
- Value
- 334,400
- Unit
- vehicles
- Source
- BEV + PHEV [afdc_ny]
- Value
- 21,219
- Unit
- ports
- Source
- [afdc_ny]
- Value
- 10.4
- Unit
- years
- Source
- [auto_ny]
- Value
- 0
- Unit
- jobs/year
- Source
- [evs_model]
BEV/PHEV registered stock
DOE/AFDC rounded light-duty series.
BEV/PHEV registered stock
| Year | Bev | Phev | Plug In Total | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,024 | 168,100 | 111,400 | 279,500 | DOE/AFDC rounded series [afdc_ny] |
| 2,025 | 209,300 | 125,100 | 334,400 | DOE/AFDC rounded series [afdc_ny] |
- Bev
- 168,100
- Phev
- 111,400
- Plug In Total
- 279,500
- Source
- DOE/AFDC rounded series [afdc_ny]
- Bev
- 209,300
- Phev
- 125,100
- Plug In Total
- 334,400
- Source
- DOE/AFDC rounded series [afdc_ny]
Adoption history
Flows are not stock.
Adoption history
| Period | Metric | Value | Unit | Share Pct | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | New EV registrations | 78,950 | vehicles | — | Flow, not stock [nyserda_growth] |
| 2024 | New EV registrations | 90,221 | vehicles | — | 54,664 BEV + 35,557 PHEV [nyserda_growth] |
| 2024→2025 | AFDC plug-in stock growth | 19.642 | % | 19.642 | EVS calculation [afdc_ny] |
| 2025 | Plug-in share of listed AFDC fuel categories | 2.945 | % | 2.945 | EVS calculation [afdc_ny] |
- Metric
- New EV registrations
- Value
- 78,950
- Unit
- vehicles
- Share Pct
- —
- Source
- Flow, not stock [nyserda_growth]
- Metric
- New EV registrations
- Value
- 90,221
- Unit
- vehicles
- Share Pct
- —
- Source
- 54,664 BEV + 35,557 PHEV [nyserda_growth]
- Metric
- AFDC plug-in stock growth
- Value
- 19.642
- Unit
- %
- Share Pct
- 19.642
- Source
- EVS calculation [afdc_ny]
- Metric
- Plug-in share of listed AFDC fuel categories
- Value
- 2.945
- Unit
- %
- Share Pct
- 2.945
- Source
- EVS calculation [afdc_ny]
Powertrain mix
BEV and PHEV require different competence.
Powertrain mix
| Powertrain | Vehicles | Share Of Plug In Pct | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| BEV | 209,300 | 62.59 | [afdc_ny] |
| PHEV | 125,100 | 37.41 | [afdc_ny] |
- Vehicles
- 209,300
- Share Of Plug In Pct
- 62.59
- Source
- [afdc_ny]
- Vehicles
- 125,100
- Share Of Plug In Pct
- 37.41
- Source
- [afdc_ny]
Definition reconciliation
Conflicts are retained rather than blended.
Definition reconciliation
| Series | Value | Definition | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| DOE/AFDC 2025 | 334,400 | Light-duty BEV+PHEV registrations, rounded to nearest 100. | Primary TAM [afdc_ny][afdc_reg]. |
| Alliance/S&P 2024 | 271,293 | 162,898 BEVs + 108,395 PHEVs in a 11.41m snapshot. | 8,207 below AFDC 2024 (2.94%); separate date/universe [auto_ny]. |
| NYSERDA 2024 new registrations | 90,221 | Registration flow during calendar 2024. | Do not add to stock [nyserda_growth]. |
| DMV current electric-fuel registrations | 214,536 | In-state county rows with fuel_type ELECTRIC; PHEVs excluded. | Current BEV-like geography proxy, not plug-in TAM [dmv_county]. |
| Charging port | 22,574 | Individual connector, public or private. | Not station, site or uptime [afdc_station]. |
- Value
- 334,400
- Definition
- Light-duty BEV+PHEV registrations, rounded to nearest 100.
- Control
- Primary TAM [afdc_ny][afdc_reg].
- Value
- 271,293
- Definition
- 162,898 BEVs + 108,395 PHEVs in a 11.41m snapshot.
- Control
- 8,207 below AFDC 2024 (2.94%); separate date/universe [auto_ny].
- Value
- 90,221
- Definition
- Registration flow during calendar 2024.
- Control
- Do not add to stock [nyserda_growth].
- Value
- 214,536
- Definition
- In-state county rows with fuel_type ELECTRIC; PHEVs excluded.
- Control
- Current BEV-like geography proxy, not plug-in TAM [dmv_county].
- Value
- 22,574
- Definition
- Individual connector, public or private.
- Control
- Not station, site or uptime [afdc_station].
Cautious / base / high forecast
EVS sensitivities only.
Cautious / base / high forecast
| Scenario | Annual Growth Pct | Modelled 2030 Registered Plug Ins | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 6 | 447,503 | EVS sensitivity from DOE/AFDC 2025 registered BEV+PHEV stock; not an official forecast. |
| Base | 10 | 538,555 | EVS sensitivity from DOE/AFDC 2025 registered BEV+PHEV stock; not an official forecast. |
| High | 15 | 672,598 | EVS sensitivity from DOE/AFDC 2025 registered BEV+PHEV stock; not an official forecast. |
- Annual Growth Pct
- 6
- Modelled 2030 Registered Plug Ins
- 447,503
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity from DOE/AFDC 2025 registered BEV+PHEV stock; not an official forecast.
- Annual Growth Pct
- 10
- Modelled 2030 Registered Plug Ins
- 538,555
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity from DOE/AFDC 2025 registered BEV+PHEV stock; not an official forecast.
- Annual Growth Pct
- 15
- Modelled 2030 Registered Plug Ins
- 672,598
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity from DOE/AFDC 2025 registered BEV+PHEV stock; not an official forecast.
Charging infrastructure
Ports are not sites or uptime.
Charging infrastructure
| As Of | Public Ports | Private Ports | Total Ports | Source | Semi Public Ports | Evolve Ports | Nevi Completed Sites | Ports Per Site | Nyc Fast Chargers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current access snapshot | 21,219 | 1,355 | 22,574 | DOE/AFDC [afdc_ny] | — | — | — | — | — |
| 18 April 2025 | 17,000 | — | — | Historical minimum/approximate announcements [rebate_2025] | 4,000 | 240 | — | — | — |
| 18 April 2025 | — | — | — | Announcement snapshot; not current inventory [nevi] | — | — | 11 | 4 | — |
| Planned | — | — | — | Projection, not commissioned count [nyc_fast] | — | — | — | — | 100 |
- Public Ports
- 21,219
- Private Ports
- 1,355
- Total Ports
- 22,574
- Source
- DOE/AFDC [afdc_ny]
- Semi Public Ports
- —
- Evolve Ports
- —
- Nevi Completed Sites
- —
- Ports Per Site
- —
- Nyc Fast Chargers
- —
- Public Ports
- 17,000
- Private Ports
- —
- Total Ports
- —
- Source
- Historical minimum/approximate announcements [rebate_2025]
- Semi Public Ports
- 4,000
- Evolve Ports
- 240
- Nevi Completed Sites
- —
- Ports Per Site
- —
- Nyc Fast Chargers
- —
- Public Ports
- —
- Private Ports
- —
- Total Ports
- —
- Source
- Announcement snapshot; not current inventory [nevi]
- Semi Public Ports
- —
- Evolve Ports
- —
- Nevi Completed Sites
- 11
- Ports Per Site
- 4
- Nyc Fast Chargers
- —
- Public Ports
- —
- Private Ports
- —
- Total Ports
- —
- Source
- Projection, not commissioned count [nyc_fast]
- Semi Public Ports
- —
- Evolve Ports
- —
- Nevi Completed Sites
- —
- Ports Per Site
- —
- Nyc Fast Chargers
- 100
Charging and utility gates
Exact-site evidence is mandatory.
Charging and utility gates
| Control | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Exact-site utility diligence | Written capacity, tariff, demand charge, make-ready, energisation and curtailment terms. | OPEN [charge_ready] |
- Requirement
- Written capacity, tariff, demand charge, make-ready, energisation and curtailment terms.
- Status
- OPEN [charge_ready]
Vehicle parc age and service demand
Wear and weather shape scope.
Vehicle parc age and service demand
| Fact | Value | Unit | Implication |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average vehicle age | 10.4 | years | Supports wear and corrosion work but does not reveal plug-in age [auto_ny]. |
| Registered vehicles—2024 | 11,410,000 | vehicles | Broad aftermarket scale; not plug-in TAM [auto_ny]. |
| Plug-in stock growth—2024 to 2025 | 19.642 | % | Strong sourced growth; repeatability uncertain [afdc_ny]. |
| Annual safety inspection | 1 | inspection/year | BEVs remain safety-inspection vehicles though emissions-exempt [inspection][inspection_about]. |
| Winter/storm exposure | 21 | billion-dollar winter storms 1980–2024 | Prioritise tires, brakes, suspension, underbody and weather controls [noaa]. |
- Value
- 10.4
- Unit
- years
- Implication
- Supports wear and corrosion work but does not reveal plug-in age [auto_ny].
- Value
- 11,410,000
- Unit
- vehicles
- Implication
- Broad aftermarket scale; not plug-in TAM [auto_ny].
- Value
- 19.642
- Unit
- %
- Implication
- Strong sourced growth; repeatability uncertain [afdc_ny].
- Value
- 1
- Unit
- inspection/year
- Implication
- BEVs remain safety-inspection vehicles though emissions-exempt [inspection][inspection_about].
- Value
- 21
- Unit
- billion-dollar winter storms 1980–2024
- Implication
- Prioritise tires, brakes, suspension, underbody and weather controls [noaa].
TAM / SAM / SOM
Executable SOM is zero.
TAM / SAM / SOM
| Layer | Value | Unit | Status | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAM—registered plug-in stock | 334,400 | vehicles | SOURCED | DOE/AFDC 2025 BEV+PHEV [afdc_ny]. |
| Service-window sensitivity | 100,320 | vehicles | EVS ASSUMPTION | TAM × 30% [evs_model]. |
| Independent-consideration sensitivity | 25,080 | vehicles | EVS ASSUMPTION | Service-window × 25% [evs_model]. |
- Value
- 334,400
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- SOURCED
- Basis
- DOE/AFDC 2025 BEV+PHEV [afdc_ny].
- Value
- 100,320
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- EVS ASSUMPTION
- Basis
- TAM × 30% [evs_model].
- Value
- 25,080
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- EVS ASSUMPTION
- Basis
- Service-window × 25% [evs_model].
Customer segments
Launch segments are evidence-gated.
Customer segments
| Segment | Priority | Need | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Post-warranty Tesla owners | P1 | Diagnostics, thermal, suspension, tires, alignment and 12V. | Model Y and 3 led recent Drive Clean rebate claims; programme flow only [rebate_data]. |
| Used-EV buyers and sellers | P1 | Pre-purchase inspection and bounded health screen. | Validate paid demand [evs_model]. |
| PHEV households | P1 | Hybrid-safe diagnostics plus engine/emissions competence. | 125,100 registered PHEVs [afdc_ny]. |
| Long Island suburban owners | P1 | Fixed-site convenience and seasonal wear service. | 62,649 electric-fuel registrations in Nassau/Suffolk [dmv_county]. |
| Storm/flood owners | P2 | Remote triage and qualified referral. | Weather and transport controls [noaa][phmsa_flood]. |
- Priority
- P1
- Need
- Diagnostics, thermal, suspension, tires, alignment and 12V.
- Evidence
- Model Y and 3 led recent Drive Clean rebate claims; programme flow only [rebate_data].
- Priority
- P1
- Need
- Pre-purchase inspection and bounded health screen.
- Evidence
- Validate paid demand [evs_model].
- Priority
- P1
- Need
- Hybrid-safe diagnostics plus engine/emissions competence.
- Evidence
- 125,100 registered PHEVs [afdc_ny].
- Priority
- P1
- Need
- Fixed-site convenience and seasonal wear service.
- Evidence
- 62,649 electric-fuel registrations in Nassau/Suffolk [dmv_county].
- Priority
- P2
- Need
- Remote triage and qualified referral.
- Evidence
- Weather and transport controls [noaa][phmsa_flood].
Fleet segments
NYC Green Rides is a demand signal, not a contract.
Fleet segments
| Segment | Offer | Gate |
|---|---|---|
| NYC rideshare | Mobile inspections, tires, brakes, suspension and thermal uptime. | Paid route and insurer/TLC compliance; 2026 trip benchmark is 25% [tlc_green]. |
| Delivery and service fleets | Scheduled wear work and uptime reporting. | Three LOIs covering ≥350 plug-in vehicles [evs_model]. |
| Municipal/utility fleets | Procurement-compliant maintenance pilot. | Paid work order; no grant pipeline assumed. |
| Rental/remarketing | Turnaround inspection and condition record. | VIN/task access and liability scope validated. |
- Offer
- Mobile inspections, tires, brakes, suspension and thermal uptime.
- Gate
- Paid route and insurer/TLC compliance; 2026 trip benchmark is 25% [tlc_green].
- Offer
- Scheduled wear work and uptime reporting.
- Gate
- Three LOIs covering ≥350 plug-in vehicles [evs_model].
- Offer
- Procurement-compliant maintenance pilot.
- Gate
- Paid work order; no grant pipeline assumed.
- Offer
- Turnaround inspection and condition record.
- Gate
- VIN/task access and liability scope validated.
Leading brands and models
Rebate claims are programme flows.
Leading brands and models
| Brand Or Model | Signal | Service Implication |
|---|---|---|
| Tesla Model Y | 12,971 Drive Clean claims July 2025–June 2026. | Priority tooling; rebate claims are not stock [rebate_data]. |
| Tesla Model 3 | 3,387 recent Drive Clean claims. | Priority diagnostics and chassis workflow [rebate_data]. |
| Chevrolet Equinox EV / Honda Prologue | 1,879 / 1,712 recent claims. | Validate GM-platform diagnostic access [rebate_data]. |
| Kia Sportage / Toyota RAV4 PHEV | 1,402 / 1,118 recent claims. | PHEV engine, emissions and HV competence [rebate_data]. |
| Other eligible models | More than 60 programme-eligible models. | Do not claim universal coverage [eligible_models]. |
- Signal
- 12,971 Drive Clean claims July 2025–June 2026.
- Service Implication
- Priority tooling; rebate claims are not stock [rebate_data].
- Signal
- 3,387 recent Drive Clean claims.
- Service Implication
- Priority diagnostics and chassis workflow [rebate_data].
- Signal
- 1,879 / 1,712 recent claims.
- Service Implication
- Validate GM-platform diagnostic access [rebate_data].
- Signal
- 1,402 / 1,118 recent claims.
- Service Implication
- PHEV engine, emissions and HV competence [rebate_data].
- Signal
- More than 60 programme-eligible models.
- Service Implication
- Do not claim universal coverage [eligible_models].
OEM competitors
Warranty and recall boundaries remain explicit.
OEM competitors
| Competitor | Coverage | Strength | EVS Response |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tesla service network | Statewide via OEM channel | Warranty, recalls, parts and OEM diagnostics | Post-warranty speed; validate data and parts rights [tesla_service]. |
| Rivian | Reviewed service presence at Blauvelt, Clifton Park and Woodbury | OEM pickup/van expertise | Referral for warranty/recall [rivian]. |
- Coverage
- Statewide via OEM channel
- Strength
- Warranty, recalls, parts and OEM diagnostics
- EVS Response
- Post-warranty speed; validate data and parts rights [tesla_service].
- Coverage
- Reviewed service presence at Blauvelt, Clifton Park and Woodbury
- Strength
- OEM pickup/van expertise
- EVS Response
- Referral for warranty/recall [rivian].
Independent competitors
Specialists already operate in target regions.
Independent competitors
| Competitor | Location | Signal | Implication |
|---|---|---|---|
| DR Lab NY | NYC and Long Island | Mobile EV/ADAS/Tesla diagnostics. | Mobile differentiation already exists [drlab]. |
| Brooklyn EV Repair / Chelsea Auto Diagnostics | Brooklyn | Independent multi-brand EV repair. | NYC specialist competition [brooklyn_ev][chelsea_auto]. |
- Location
- NYC and Long Island
- Signal
- Mobile EV/ADAS/Tesla diagnostics.
- Implication
- Mobile differentiation already exists [drlab].
- Location
- Brooklyn
- Signal
- Independent multi-brand EV repair.
- Implication
- NYC specialist competition [brooklyn_ev][chelsea_auto].
Priority cities and regions
Long Island first; NYC mobile; lower Hudson second.
Priority cities and regions
| Rank | Region | Case | Entry |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Long Island—Nassau/Suffolk | 62,649 current electric-fuel registrations; largest combined cluster. | Five-bay company-controlled hub near the county boundary after geocoding [dmv_county]. |
- Region
- Long Island—Nassau/Suffolk
- Case
- 62,649 current electric-fuel registrations; largest combined cluster.
- Entry
- Five-bay company-controlled hub near the county boundary after geocoding [dmv_county].
Consumer incentives
Expired federal credits are zero.
Consumer incentives
| Programme | Value | Status | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drive Clean Rebate | 2,000 | UP TO / MODEL-SPECIFIC | New eligible vehicle through participating New York dealer [drive_clean][eligible_models]. |
| Federal new/used clean-vehicle credits | 0 | UNAVAILABLE | Acquisitions after 30 September 2025 ineligible [irs_vehicle]. |
- Value
- 2,000
- Status
- UP TO / MODEL-SPECIFIC
- Control
- New eligible vehicle through participating New York dealer [drive_clean][eligible_models].
- Value
- 0
- Status
- UNAVAILABLE
- Control
- Acquisitions after 30 September 2025 ineligible [irs_vehicle].
Business and investment incentives
No award is assumed.
Business and investment incentives
| Programme | Value | Status | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| Charge Ready NY 2.0 | 0 | ELIGIBILITY / AWARD UNVERIFIED | Published $3,000 per port and $1,000 DAC adder; no EVS award assumed [charge_ready]. |
| Federal business charging credit | 0 | EXPIRED FOR NEW PROPERTY | No credit after 30 June 2026 [irs_charger]. |
- Value
- 0
- Status
- ELIGIBILITY / AWARD UNVERIFIED
- Control
- Published $3,000 per port and $1,000 DAC adder; no EVS award assumed [charge_ready].
- Value
- 0
- Status
- EXPIRED FOR NEW PROPERTY
- Control
- No credit after 30 June 2026 [irs_charger].
Tax snapshot
Address, invoice and entity advice is required.
Tax snapshot
| Item | Value | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Repair sales tax | Most parts and labour taxable | Register as vendor; validate invoice line treatment [repair_tax]. |
| Article 9-A state top income rate | 7.25% | Highest of income, capital or fixed-dollar-minimum bases [corp_tax]. |
- Value
- Most parts and labour taxable
- Control
- Register as vendor; validate invoice line treatment [repair_tax].
- Value
- 7.25%
- Control
- Highest of income, capital or fixed-dollar-minimum bases [corp_tax].
Licensing and franchise regulation
Repair shop, inspection and franchise approvals are separate.
Licensing and franchise regulation
| Topic | Requirement | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Repair shop | Register with New York DMV before mechanical/body/mobile repair. | Site-specific application and continuing record obligations [dmv_repair_desc][dmv_repair][dmv_facility]. |
| Inspection station | Separate DMV approval, registered repair shop, premises, equipment and certified inspectors. | Do not model inspection revenue at launch [inspection_open]. |
- Requirement
- Register with New York DMV before mechanical/body/mobile repair.
- Control
- Site-specific application and continuing record obligations [dmv_repair_desc][dmv_repair][dmv_facility].
- Requirement
- Separate DMV approval, registered repair shop, premises, equipment and certified inspectors.
- Control
- Do not model inspection revenue at launch [inspection_open].
Labour and skills
Market pay and task competence drive hiring.
Labour and skills
| Topic | Fact | EVS Control |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 wage floor—NYC/Long Island/Westchester | $17.00/hour | Budget market technician pay above floor [min_wage]. |
| 2026 wage floor—rest of state | $16.00/hour | Do not use floor as recruiting assumption [min_wage]. |
- Fact
- $17.00/hour
- EVS Control
- Budget market technician pay above floor [min_wage].
- Fact
- $16.00/hour
- EVS Control
- Do not use floor as recruiting assumption [min_wage].
High-voltage safety
Task authorisation controls scope.
High-voltage safety
| Control | Minimum | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Role/task matrix | Green/amber/red catalogue with named authoriser. | OPEN [osha_training][osha_elec]. |
| De-energisation | OEM procedure, absence-of-voltage, LOTO, PPE/tools and rescue plan. | OPEN [osha_elec]. |
| Quarantine | Exterior isolation, monitoring and fire-department pre-plan. | OPEN [epa_faq][phmsa_battery]. |
| Flood/submersion | Remote assessment and qualified transport; no routine indoor intake. | HOLD [phmsa_flood]. |
| Cell-level pack work | Engineering, insurer, fire, waste, carrier and recipient sign-offs. | NO-GO AT LAUNCH [evs_model]. |
- Minimum
- Green/amber/red catalogue with named authoriser.
- Status
- OPEN [osha_training][osha_elec].
- Minimum
- OEM procedure, absence-of-voltage, LOTO, PPE/tools and rescue plan.
- Status
- OPEN [osha_elec].
- Minimum
- Exterior isolation, monitoring and fire-department pre-plan.
- Status
- OPEN [epa_faq][phmsa_battery].
- Minimum
- Remote assessment and qualified transport; no routine indoor intake.
- Status
- HOLD [phmsa_flood].
- Minimum
- Engineering, insurer, fire, waste, carrier and recipient sign-offs.
- Status
- NO-GO AT LAUNCH [evs_model].
Battery, waste and transport
Classification and chain of custody precede intake.
Battery, waste and transport
| Stream | Rule | Control |
|---|---|---|
| Universal-waste battery | Under 5,000 kg onsite is small-handler; accumulation must remain under one year. | Weight/date inventory and classification [dec_universal][epa_faq]. |
| Large quantity | 5,000 kg or more triggers notification and EPA Site ID controls. | Prevent threshold drift [dec_universal]. |
- Rule
- Under 5,000 kg onsite is small-handler; accumulation must remain under one year.
- Control
- Weight/date inventory and classification [dec_universal][epa_faq].
- Rule
- 5,000 kg or more triggers notification and EPA Site ID controls.
- Control
- Prevent threshold drift [dec_universal].
Data and consumer controls
Documentation and consent are product controls.
Data and consumer controls
| Topic | Control | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| Estimate and scope | Written diagnosis boundary, authorisation and itemised invoice. | New York repair rules [dmv_rights]. |
| Telematics/scan data | VIN-level consent, minimum collection, retention and role access. | Trust and cyber control [evs_model]. |
| Warranty/recall | Verify and route; do not represent independent work as OEM warranty. | Liability boundary [tesla_service][rivian]. |
| Health score | State test conditions, limitations and confidence. | No universal remaining-life denominator [evs_model]. |
- Control
- Written diagnosis boundary, authorisation and itemised invoice.
- Reason
- New York repair rules [dmv_rights].
- Control
- VIN-level consent, minimum collection, retention and role access.
- Reason
- Trust and cyber control [evs_model].
- Control
- Verify and route; do not represent independent work as OEM warranty.
- Reason
- Liability boundary [tesla_service][rivian].
- Control
- State test conditions, limitations and confidence.
- Reason
- No universal remaining-life denominator [evs_model].
Recommended service portfolio
Wear, diagnostic, thermal and PHEV work first.
Recommended service portfolio
| Phase | Service | Status | Margin Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Launch | Scan diagnostics and charging-fault triage | GO AFTER VIN/TASK TEST | Diagnostic anchor |
| Launch | Tires, alignment, suspension, brakes and corrosion inspection | GO | Seasonal/repeat wear |
| Launch | 12V, thermal/AC and cooling-circuit work | GO AFTER MODEL MATRIX | EV uptime |
| Launch | Used-EV inspection and documented health screen | GO WITH DISCLAIMERS | Acquisition |
| Launch | PHEV engine/emissions and hybrid-safe work | GO AFTER COMPETENCE | 125,100-vehicle segment |
| Phase 2 | Official safety inspection | HOLD FOR SEPARATE STATION APPROVAL | Zero in launch model |
| Referral | Collision/structural work | PARTNER | No launch capex |
| Hold | Flooded-pack custody and cell-level repair | NO-GO | Unpriced risk |
- Service
- Scan diagnostics and charging-fault triage
- Status
- GO AFTER VIN/TASK TEST
- Margin Role
- Diagnostic anchor
- Service
- Tires, alignment, suspension, brakes and corrosion inspection
- Status
- GO
- Margin Role
- Seasonal/repeat wear
- Service
- 12V, thermal/AC and cooling-circuit work
- Status
- GO AFTER MODEL MATRIX
- Margin Role
- EV uptime
- Service
- Used-EV inspection and documented health screen
- Status
- GO WITH DISCLAIMERS
- Margin Role
- Acquisition
- Service
- PHEV engine/emissions and hybrid-safe work
- Status
- GO AFTER COMPETENCE
- Margin Role
- 125,100-vehicle segment
- Service
- Official safety inspection
- Status
- HOLD FOR SEPARATE STATION APPROVAL
- Margin Role
- Zero in launch model
- Service
- Collision/structural work
- Status
- PARTNER
- Margin Role
- No launch capex
- Service
- Flooded-pack custody and cell-level repair
- Status
- NO-GO
- Margin Role
- Unpriced risk
Operating model
Company-controlled validation preserves learning.
Operating model
| Element | Recommendation | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Format | Company-controlled five-bay Long Island hub with one mobile/fleet unit. | Preserves learning and reaches Nassau/Suffolk density [dmv_county]. |
| Property | Conditional lease with zoning, fire, insurer, utility and repair-shop approvals. | No unconditional lease [evs_model]. |
| NYC route | Scheduled fleet/mobile clinics; no Manhattan/Brooklyn fixed-site assumption. | Capture Green Rides demand without high occupancy exposure [tlc_green]. |
| Upstate | Partner clinics in Capital District, Rochester and Buffalo. | Density below first-site cluster [dmv_county]. |
| Charging | Workshop-only charging at launch. | No public-charging revenue or grant [evs_model]. |
- Recommendation
- Company-controlled five-bay Long Island hub with one mobile/fleet unit.
- Rationale
- Preserves learning and reaches Nassau/Suffolk density [dmv_county].
- Recommendation
- Conditional lease with zoning, fire, insurer, utility and repair-shop approvals.
- Rationale
- No unconditional lease [evs_model].
- Recommendation
- Scheduled fleet/mobile clinics; no Manhattan/Brooklyn fixed-site assumption.
- Rationale
- Capture Green Rides demand without high occupancy exposure [tlc_green].
- Recommendation
- Partner clinics in Capital District, Rochester and Buffalo.
- Rationale
- Density below first-site cluster [dmv_county].
- Recommendation
- Workshop-only charging at launch.
- Rationale
- No public-charging revenue or grant [evs_model].
Franchise model
New York registration and repeatability precede offers.
Franchise model
| Stage | Release | Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| 0—Validation | Company-controlled only | All gates, 12 months, two positive quarters, safety audit. |
| 1—Controlled licence | No New York offer yet | FDD, audited statements, NY registration and unit-economics evidence [ag_franchise][ftc_franchise]. |
| 2—Franchise | Conditional | Replicable training, QA, data, waste, parts and field support. |
| Hard stop | No offers/payments/lead-gen | Until NY AG registration and counsel release [ag_franchise]. |
- Release
- Company-controlled only
- Requirements
- All gates, 12 months, two positive quarters, safety audit.
- Release
- No New York offer yet
- Requirements
- FDD, audited statements, NY registration and unit-economics evidence [ag_franchise][ftc_franchise].
- Release
- Conditional
- Requirements
- Replicable training, QA, data, waste, parts and field support.
- Release
- No offers/payments/lead-gen
- Requirements
- Until NY AG registration and counsel release [ag_franchise].
Annual economics
Nominal, pre-tax and unlevered.
Annual economics
| Scenario | Jobs | Aro Usd | Gross Margin Pct | Opex Usd | Revenue Usd | Gross Profit Usd | Ebitda Usd | Payback Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 1,500 | 450 | 55 | 625,000 | 675,000 | 371,250 | -253,750 | — |
- Jobs
- 1,500
- Aro Usd
- 450
- Gross Margin Pct
- 55
- Opex Usd
- 625,000
- Revenue Usd
- 675,000
- Gross Profit Usd
- 371,250
- Ebitda Usd
- -253,750
- Payback Years
- —
90-day economics
Continuation is conditional.
90-day economics
| Scenario | Jobs 90d | Aro Usd | Gross Margin Pct | Opex Usd | Revenue Usd | Gross Profit Usd | Ebitda Usd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 350 | 450 | 55 | 220,000 | 157,500 | 86,625 | -133,375 |
- Jobs 90d
- 350
- Aro Usd
- 450
- Gross Margin Pct
- 55
- Opex Usd
- 220,000
- Revenue Usd
- 157,500
- Gross Profit Usd
- 86,625
- Ebitda Usd
- -133,375
Risks
Access, cost, safety, compliance and weather dominate.
Risks
| Risk | Likelihood | Impact | Trigger | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIN/task/parts access | High | High | <80% completion on 50 test jobs | Technical lead |
| Long Island demand conversion | Medium | High | <200 paid bookings/deposits | Growth lead |
| Occupancy/labour cost | High | Medium | Base case cannot sustain $925k opex | Finance |
| Battery/fire/waste | Medium | Severe | No insurer/fire/carrier/recycler sign-off | HSE |
| Inspection mis-selling | Low | High | Inspection offered without station approval | Compliance |
| Franchise solicitation | Medium | High | Marketing before state registration | General counsel |
| Winter/flood disruption | Medium | High | Site/route not resilient | Operations |
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Trigger
- <80% completion on 50 test jobs
- Owner
- Technical lead
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- High
- Trigger
- <200 paid bookings/deposits
- Owner
- Growth lead
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- Medium
- Trigger
- Base case cannot sustain $925k opex
- Owner
- Finance
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- Severe
- Trigger
- No insurer/fire/carrier/recycler sign-off
- Owner
- HSE
- Likelihood
- Low
- Impact
- High
- Trigger
- Inspection offered without station approval
- Owner
- Compliance
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- High
- Trigger
- Marketing before state registration
- Owner
- General counsel
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- High
- Trigger
- Site/route not resilient
- Owner
- Operations
Mitigations
Every major risk has a control.
Mitigations
| Risk | Action |
|---|---|
| VIN/task/parts access | 50-job matrix by make/model/task; evidence completion, time and source. |
| Demand | Geocoded landing pages, paid bookings and fleet LOIs before lease. |
| Cost | Conditional property terms; weekly labour and utilisation sensitivity. |
| Battery/fire/waste | Launch exclusions, quarantine design and documented chain of custody. |
| Inspection | Zero launch revenue; separate DMV project if justified. |
| Franchise | Compliance-controlled marketing; no offers until NY AG/counsel release. |
| Weather | Elevated/defensible site, drainage, salt/corrosion SOP and closure plan. |
- Action
- 50-job matrix by make/model/task; evidence completion, time and source.
- Action
- Geocoded landing pages, paid bookings and fleet LOIs before lease.
- Action
- Conditional property terms; weekly labour and utilisation sensitivity.
- Action
- Launch exclusions, quarantine design and documented chain of custody.
- Action
- Zero launch revenue; separate DMV project if justified.
- Action
- Compliance-controlled marketing; no offers until NY AG/counsel release.
- Action
- Elevated/defensible site, drainage, salt/corrosion SOP and closure plan.
90-day entry plan
Front-load demand, access and approvals.
90-day entry plan
| Days | Workstream | Deliverable | Exit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1–15 | Legal/site/data | Entity, repair-shop path, franchise hold, county/VIN data room, utility pre-screen. | Written owners and blockers. |
- Workstream
- Legal/site/data
- Deliverable
- Entity, repair-shop path, franchise hold, county/VIN data room, utility pre-screen.
- Exit
- Written owners and blockers.
Go / no-go gates
All launch gates are open; franchise is no-go.
Go / no-go gates
| Gate | Pass | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Repair-shop/site approval | DMV registration path, zoning, fire, insurer, utility, waste, landlord. | OPEN |
- Pass
- DMV registration path, zoning, fire, insurer, utility, waste, landlord.
- Status
- OPEN
Methodology
Uncertainty is visible.
Methodology
| Step | Method |
|---|---|
| Source hierarchy | Government/official first; association/commercial evidence labelled. |
| Definition control | Stock, flow, port, site, BEV, PHEV and electric-fuel county counts remain separate. |
| TAM | DOE/AFDC 2025 BEV+PHEV stock; rounded nearest 100. |
| SAM/SOM | Sensitivities are EVS assumptions; verified SAM null and executable SOM zero. |
| Forecast | Five-year compound sensitivities from 2025 stock; not official. |
| Economics | Nominal USD, pre-tax, unlevered; no grant, credit, financing or residual value. |
| Decision rule | Any failed hard gate blocks launch; franchise remains no-go. |
- Method
- Government/official first; association/commercial evidence labelled.
- Method
- Stock, flow, port, site, BEV, PHEV and electric-fuel county counts remain separate.
- Method
- DOE/AFDC 2025 BEV+PHEV stock; rounded nearest 100.
- Method
- Sensitivities are EVS assumptions; verified SAM null and executable SOM zero.
- Method
- Five-year compound sensitivities from 2025 stock; not official.
- Method
- Nominal USD, pre-tax, unlevered; no grant, credit, financing or residual value.
- Method
- Any failed hard gate blocks launch; franchise remains no-go.
Priority data requests
Seven gaps can change the decision.
Priority data requests
| Priority | Gap | Decision Effect |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VIN-level age, warranty and task rights | Verified SAM and service matrix. |
| 2 | Geocoded paid demand around candidate Long Island sites | Lease/no-lease. |
| 3 | Utility capacity/tariff/make-ready | Site feasibility and opex. |
| 4 | Insurer/fire/waste/carrier acceptance | Scope and battery custody. |
| 5 | Parts/software/tool time on 50 jobs | Margin and throughput. |
| 6 | NYC fleet route economics | Mobile unit scale. |
| 7 | Competitor price/turnaround mystery shop | Positioning and ARO. |
- Gap
- VIN-level age, warranty and task rights
- Decision Effect
- Verified SAM and service matrix.
- Gap
- Geocoded paid demand around candidate Long Island sites
- Decision Effect
- Lease/no-lease.
- Gap
- Utility capacity/tariff/make-ready
- Decision Effect
- Site feasibility and opex.
- Gap
- Insurer/fire/waste/carrier acceptance
- Decision Effect
- Scope and battery custody.
- Gap
- Parts/software/tool time on 50 jobs
- Decision Effect
- Margin and throughput.
- Gap
- NYC fleet route economics
- Decision Effect
- Mobile unit scale.
- Gap
- Competitor price/turnaround mystery shop
- Decision Effect
- Positioning and ARO.
Complete source register
Every source is linked, dated and classified.
Complete source register
| Id | Title | Publisher | Publication Date | Accessed Date | Classification | Link | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| afdc_ny | Alternative Fuels Data Center—New York | U.S. Department of Energy | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://afdc.energy.gov/states/ny | 2024 and 2025 light-duty registrations by fuel and current charging-port counts from TransAtlas/Experian. |
| afdc_reg | Vehicle Registration Counts by State | U.S. Department of Energy | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicle-registration | AFDC state registration definitions and nearest-100 rounding. |
| afdc_station | Alternative Fueling Station Locator | U.S. Department of Energy | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://afdc.energy.gov/stations/states | Ports are connectors rather than sites; network inventory is not an uptime audit. |
| nyserda_growth | Clean Energy Continues Growth in 2024 | NYSERDA | 2025-01-29 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/Featured-Stories/Clean-Energy-Continues-Growth-in-2024/ | 90,221 new EV registrations in 2024: 54,664 BEVs and 35,557 PHEVs; 78,950 in 2023. |
| nyserda_map | Map of EV Registrations | NYSERDA | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program/Rebate-Data/Map-of-EV-Registrations | Monthly DMV registration exploration by make, model and location. |
| dmv_county | Electric Vehicles per County | New York State DMV | 2026-07-02 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://data.ny.gov/Transportation/Electric-Vehicles-per-County/uu25-czyc | Current electric-fuel registration counts by county; expired registrations excluded. |
| auto_ny | New York Economic Insights | Alliance for Automotive Innovation | 2025-01-01 | 2026-08-12 | Industry association / commercial data | https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/ny | S&P 2024 stock, average vehicle age, sales, employment and tax context. |
| drive_clean | Drive Clean Rebate | NYSERDA | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program | Point-of-sale rebate programme; exact vehicle and participating dealer required. |
| eligible_models | Drive Clean Rebate Eligible Models | NYSERDA | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program/Eligible-Models | More than 60 eligible models and current model-specific amounts. |
| rebate_stats | Drive Clean Rebate Primary Statistics | NYSERDA | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program/Rebate-Data/Rebate-Stats | Monthly programme dashboard; rebates are not all sales or active stock. |
| rebate_data | Drive Clean Rebate Data: Beginning 2017 | NYSERDA / NY Open Data | 2026-07-01 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://data.ny.gov/Energy-Environment/NYSERDA-Electric-Vehicle-Drive-Clean-Rebate-Data-B/thd2-fu8y | 236,000-row programme dataset; last-12-month model counts calculated by EVS via Socrata. |
| rebate_2025 | Additional $30 Million for EV Purchase or Lease | NYSERDA | 2025-04-18 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2025-Announcements/2025-04-18-Governor-Hochul-Announces-An-Additional-30-Million-Is-Now-Available-EV-NY | Historical programme, charger and EVolve NY context. |
| rebate_2026 | Additional $30 Million for EV Purchase or Lease | NYSERDA | 2026-04-21 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2026-Announcements/2026-04-21-Governor-Hochul-Announces-Additional-30-Million-Purchase-Lease-EV-NYS | Over 228,000 rebates since 2017 and approximately 324,000 EVs on road; programme context. |
| charge_ready | Charge Ready NY 2.0 | NYSERDA | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Charge-Ready-NY | $3,000 per eligible Level-2 port plus $1,000 in disadvantaged communities; $28m programme budget. |
| nevi | New York NEVI Fast-Charging Progress | NYSERDA | 2025-04-18 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2025-Announcements/2025-04-18-Governor-Hochul-Announces-An-Additional-30-Million-Is-Now-Available-EV-NY | Eleven four-charger NEVI sites completed at announcement; plans are not current inventory. |
| nyc_fast | More Than 100 New Fast Chargers in New York City | Office of the Governor of New York | 2025-02-10 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-announces-more-100-new-electric-vehicle-fast-chargers-be-built-new-york-city | Planned 76 EVolve stalls at 13 hubs plus city and LaGuardia projects; projections only. |
| greenbank | $60 Million for Charging Infrastructure | Office of the Governor of New York | 2025-02-10 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2025-Announcements/2025-02-10-Governor-Hochul-Announces-60-Million-For-Electric-Vehicle-Charging-Infrastructure | NY Green Bank loan to Revel for 267 stalls; not EVS funding. |
| irs_vehicle | Clean Vehicle Tax Credits | Internal Revenue Service | 2025-10-01 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.irs.gov/clean-vehicle-tax-credits | Federal new, used and commercial clean-vehicle credits unavailable after 30 September 2025. |
| irs_charger | Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit—Businesses | Internal Revenue Service | 2026-07-01 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/alternative-fuel-vehicle-refueling-property-credit-for-businesses | Federal business charging credit unavailable after 30 June 2026. |
| dmv_repair_desc | DMV-Regulated Business Type Descriptions | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/transaction-message/dmv-regulated-business-type-descriptions | Repair shops must register to perform mechanical or body repairs, including mobile repair. |
| dmv_repair | Repair and Body Shops | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/business/repair-and-body-shops | Registration and regulation of repair facilities. |
| dmv_rights | Know Your Rights in Auto Repair | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/know-your-rights-in-auto-repair | Registered-shop sign, authorisation, estimate and invoice controls. |
| dmv_facility | Report a Problem to DMV | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/contact-us/report-a-problem-to-dmv | Repair-shop complaint evidence and work-order/invoice record context. |
| inspection | Vehicle Safety/Emissions Inspection Program | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/new-york-state-vehicle-safetyemissions-inspection-program | Annual inspection programme and repair authorisation controls. |
| inspection_about | About New York State Inspections | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/inspections/about-new-york-state-inspections | Annual and ownership-transfer inspection; BEVs are emissions-exempt but not safety-exempt. |
| inspection_open | Open an Inspection Station | New York State DMV | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dmv.ny.gov/business/open-an-inspection-station | Registered repair shop, sales-tax ID, workers compensation, premises and inspection prerequisites. |
| repair_tax | Auto Repair and Body Shops | New York State Department of Taxation and Finance | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.tax.ny.gov/pubs_and_bulls/tg_bulletins/st/auto_repair.htm | Most repair charges are taxable on parts and labour; vendor registration required. |
| corp_tax | Corporate Taxes | New York State Department of Taxation and Finance | 2026-05-13 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.tax.ny.gov/data/stats/taxfacts/corporation-tax.htm | Article 9-A bases; 7.25% top state rate, MTA and NYC layers. |
| corp_est | Estimated Tax Requirements for Corporations | New York State Department of Taxation and Finance | 2025-12-16 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.tax.ny.gov/bus/ct/estimated-tax.htm | 2026 Article 9-A C-corporation $5,000 estimated-tax threshold. |
| min_wage | New York State Minimum Wage | New York State Department of Labor | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage | 2026 floor: $17 NYC/Long Island/Westchester; $16 elsewhere. |
| wage_faq | Minimum Wage FAQ | New York State Department of Labor | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-frequently-asked-questions | 2026 executive/administrative salary thresholds. |
| ag_franchise | Franchise Registration Guide | Office of the New York Attorney General | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://ag.ny.gov/resources/government-organizations/franchise-regulation/franchise-registration-guide | Registration, renewal, material-change amendment and advertising submission rules. |
| ag_buy | Before You Buy a Franchise | Office of the New York Attorney General | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://ag.ny.gov/resources/organizations/franchise-regulation/you-buy-franchise | Registration verification and investor diligence context. |
| ftc_franchise | Consumer Guide to Buying a Franchise | Federal Trade Commission | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/consumers-guide-buying-franchise | Federal Franchise Rule 14-day disclosure baseline. |
| dec_universal | Universal Waste | New York State Department of Environmental Conservation | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dec.ny.gov/environmental-protection/waste-management/hazardous-waste/universal-waste | Under 5,000 kg small-handler threshold; one-year accumulation; 5,000 kg triggers large-handler controls. |
| dec_battery | Rechargeable Battery Recycling | New York State Department of Environmental Conservation | 2025-01-01 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://dec.ny.gov/environmental-protection/recycling-composting/rechargeable-battery-recycling | Covered rechargeable-battery takeback context; traction-battery applicability must be determined. |
| epa_faq | Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling FAQ | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | 2025-08-01 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.epa.gov/hw/lithium-ion-battery-recycling-frequently-asked-questions | Shop-removed EV battery classification and universal-waste controls. |
| phmsa_battery | Lithium Batteries | Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/lithiumbatteries | Federal transport requirements and damaged-battery risk. |
| phmsa_flood | Flood-Damaged EV Battery Safety Advisory | Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/regulatory-compliance/phmsa-guidance/phmsa-safety-advisory-notice-transportation-electric-vehicles-containing-lithium-batteries-damaged-by-extreme-weather-events | Flood/submersion assessment and hazardous-material transport duties. |
| osha_training | Training Requirements in OSHA Standards | Occupational Safety and Health Administration | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.osha.gov/training | Employer training duties. |
| osha_elec | Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices | Occupational Safety and Health Administration | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.osha.gov/enforcement/directives/std-01-16-007 | Qualified-person skills under 29 CFR 1910.331–.335. |
| ase | xEV Safety Certifications—Level 1 and 2 | National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence | — | 2026-08-12 | Industry certification body | https://www.ase.com/tests/x-ev/ | Voluntary Level 1 and 2 competence benchmarks; official ASE page. |
| noaa | New York Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters | NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information | 2025-01-01 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/state-summary/NY | 1980–2024 event categories and recent storm frequency. |
| tlc_green | Green Rides | New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission | — | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyc.gov/site/tlc/about/green-rides.page | High-volume rideshare trip benchmarks: 25% in 2026 and 100% zero-emission or accessible by 2030. |
| tlc_progress | Record Electrification Gains | New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission | 2025-09-24 | 2026-08-12 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.nyc.gov/site/tlc/about/tlc-climate-week-2025-record-electrification-gains.page | 2.46m EV Uber/Lyft trips in July 2025; 21% EV/WAV trip share. |
| rivian | Rivian Locations | Rivian | — | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://rivian.com/spaces/locations | Official service-and-demo presence at reviewed New York locations. |
| tesla_service | Tesla Service | Tesla | — | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://service.tesla.com/ | OEM service and independent-information gateway. |
| drlab | DR Lab NY | DR Lab NY | — | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://drny.us/ | Mobile EV/ADAS diagnostic competitor across New York City and Long Island. |
| brooklyn_ev | Brooklyn EV Repair | Brooklyn EV Repair | — | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://brooklynevrepair.com/ | Independent EV service competitor. |
| chelsea_auto | Electric Vehicle Repair | Chelsea Auto Diagnostics | — | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://chelseaauto.com/services/electric-vehicle-repair | Brooklyn multi-brand EV diagnostic and thermal competitor. |
| st_auto | Electric Vehicles | S&T Auto Body | 2025-01-01 | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://www.stautobody.com/electric-vehicles | Bronx Tesla-approved collision competitor. |
| cert_collision | Certified Collision Long Island | Certified Collision Long Island | — | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://certifiedcollisionlongisland.com/ | Collision competitor in Freeport, Long Island City and Smithtown. |
| sst_auto | Tesla Service Department | SST Auto | 2023-12-15 | 2026-08-12 | Commercial primary source | https://sstauto.com/2023/12/15/sst-auto-opens-tesla-service-department/ | Fairfield County cross-border independent competitor serving the lower Hudson market. |
| evs_model | EVS New York Decision Model | EVS Worldwide | 2026-08-12 | 2026-08-12 | EVS assumption register | https://evsworldwide.com/ | All forecasts, addressability factors, economics, gates and recommendations are EVS assumptions. |
- Title
- Alternative Fuels Data Center—New York
- Publisher
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://afdc.energy.gov/states/ny
- Notes
- 2024 and 2025 light-duty registrations by fuel and current charging-port counts from TransAtlas/Experian.
- Title
- Vehicle Registration Counts by State
- Publisher
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://afdc.energy.gov/vehicle-registration
- Notes
- AFDC state registration definitions and nearest-100 rounding.
- Title
- Alternative Fueling Station Locator
- Publisher
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://afdc.energy.gov/stations/states
- Notes
- Ports are connectors rather than sites; network inventory is not an uptime audit.
- Title
- Clean Energy Continues Growth in 2024
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-29
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/Featured-Stories/Clean-Energy-Continues-Growth-in-2024/
- Notes
- 90,221 new EV registrations in 2024: 54,664 BEVs and 35,557 PHEVs; 78,950 in 2023.
- Title
- Map of EV Registrations
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program/Rebate-Data/Map-of-EV-Registrations
- Notes
- Monthly DMV registration exploration by make, model and location.
- Title
- Electric Vehicles per County
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-02
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://data.ny.gov/Transportation/Electric-Vehicles-per-County/uu25-czyc
- Notes
- Current electric-fuel registration counts by county; expired registrations excluded.
- Title
- New York Economic Insights
- Publisher
- Alliance for Automotive Innovation
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Industry association / commercial data
- Link
- https://www.autosinnovate.org/resources/insights/ny
- Notes
- S&P 2024 stock, average vehicle age, sales, employment and tax context.
- Title
- Drive Clean Rebate
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program
- Notes
- Point-of-sale rebate programme; exact vehicle and participating dealer required.
- Title
- Drive Clean Rebate Eligible Models
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program/Eligible-Models
- Notes
- More than 60 eligible models and current model-specific amounts.
- Title
- Drive Clean Rebate Primary Statistics
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Drive-Clean-Rebate-For-Electric-Cars-Program/Rebate-Data/Rebate-Stats
- Notes
- Monthly programme dashboard; rebates are not all sales or active stock.
- Title
- Drive Clean Rebate Data: Beginning 2017
- Publisher
- NYSERDA / NY Open Data
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://data.ny.gov/Energy-Environment/NYSERDA-Electric-Vehicle-Drive-Clean-Rebate-Data-B/thd2-fu8y
- Notes
- 236,000-row programme dataset; last-12-month model counts calculated by EVS via Socrata.
- Title
- Additional $30 Million for EV Purchase or Lease
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2025-Announcements/2025-04-18-Governor-Hochul-Announces-An-Additional-30-Million-Is-Now-Available-EV-NY
- Notes
- Historical programme, charger and EVolve NY context.
- Title
- Additional $30 Million for EV Purchase or Lease
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-21
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2026-Announcements/2026-04-21-Governor-Hochul-Announces-Additional-30-Million-Purchase-Lease-EV-NYS
- Notes
- Over 228,000 rebates since 2017 and approximately 324,000 EVs on road; programme context.
- Title
- Charge Ready NY 2.0
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/All-Programs/Charge-Ready-NY
- Notes
- $3,000 per eligible Level-2 port plus $1,000 in disadvantaged communities; $28m programme budget.
- Title
- New York NEVI Fast-Charging Progress
- Publisher
- NYSERDA
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2025-Announcements/2025-04-18-Governor-Hochul-Announces-An-Additional-30-Million-Is-Now-Available-EV-NY
- Notes
- Eleven four-charger NEVI sites completed at announcement; plans are not current inventory.
- Title
- More Than 100 New Fast Chargers in New York City
- Publisher
- Office of the Governor of New York
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-10
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-announces-more-100-new-electric-vehicle-fast-chargers-be-built-new-york-city
- Notes
- Planned 76 EVolve stalls at 13 hubs plus city and LaGuardia projects; projections only.
- Title
- $60 Million for Charging Infrastructure
- Publisher
- Office of the Governor of New York
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-10
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2025-Announcements/2025-02-10-Governor-Hochul-Announces-60-Million-For-Electric-Vehicle-Charging-Infrastructure
- Notes
- NY Green Bank loan to Revel for 267 stalls; not EVS funding.
- Title
- Clean Vehicle Tax Credits
- Publisher
- Internal Revenue Service
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.irs.gov/clean-vehicle-tax-credits
- Notes
- Federal new, used and commercial clean-vehicle credits unavailable after 30 September 2025.
- Title
- Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit—Businesses
- Publisher
- Internal Revenue Service
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/alternative-fuel-vehicle-refueling-property-credit-for-businesses
- Notes
- Federal business charging credit unavailable after 30 June 2026.
- Title
- DMV-Regulated Business Type Descriptions
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/transaction-message/dmv-regulated-business-type-descriptions
- Notes
- Repair shops must register to perform mechanical or body repairs, including mobile repair.
- Title
- Repair and Body Shops
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/business/repair-and-body-shops
- Notes
- Registration and regulation of repair facilities.
- Title
- Know Your Rights in Auto Repair
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/know-your-rights-in-auto-repair
- Notes
- Registered-shop sign, authorisation, estimate and invoice controls.
- Title
- Report a Problem to DMV
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/contact-us/report-a-problem-to-dmv
- Notes
- Repair-shop complaint evidence and work-order/invoice record context.
- Title
- Vehicle Safety/Emissions Inspection Program
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/new-york-state-vehicle-safetyemissions-inspection-program
- Notes
- Annual inspection programme and repair authorisation controls.
- Title
- About New York State Inspections
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/inspections/about-new-york-state-inspections
- Notes
- Annual and ownership-transfer inspection; BEVs are emissions-exempt but not safety-exempt.
- Title
- Open an Inspection Station
- Publisher
- New York State DMV
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dmv.ny.gov/business/open-an-inspection-station
- Notes
- Registered repair shop, sales-tax ID, workers compensation, premises and inspection prerequisites.
- Title
- Auto Repair and Body Shops
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Taxation and Finance
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.tax.ny.gov/pubs_and_bulls/tg_bulletins/st/auto_repair.htm
- Notes
- Most repair charges are taxable on parts and labour; vendor registration required.
- Title
- Corporate Taxes
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Taxation and Finance
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-13
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.tax.ny.gov/data/stats/taxfacts/corporation-tax.htm
- Notes
- Article 9-A bases; 7.25% top state rate, MTA and NYC layers.
- Title
- Estimated Tax Requirements for Corporations
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Taxation and Finance
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.tax.ny.gov/bus/ct/estimated-tax.htm
- Notes
- 2026 Article 9-A C-corporation $5,000 estimated-tax threshold.
- Title
- New York State Minimum Wage
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Labor
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage
- Notes
- 2026 floor: $17 NYC/Long Island/Westchester; $16 elsewhere.
- Title
- Minimum Wage FAQ
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Labor
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dol.ny.gov/minimum-wage-frequently-asked-questions
- Notes
- 2026 executive/administrative salary thresholds.
- Title
- Franchise Registration Guide
- Publisher
- Office of the New York Attorney General
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://ag.ny.gov/resources/government-organizations/franchise-regulation/franchise-registration-guide
- Notes
- Registration, renewal, material-change amendment and advertising submission rules.
- Title
- Before You Buy a Franchise
- Publisher
- Office of the New York Attorney General
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://ag.ny.gov/resources/organizations/franchise-regulation/you-buy-franchise
- Notes
- Registration verification and investor diligence context.
- Title
- Consumer Guide to Buying a Franchise
- Publisher
- Federal Trade Commission
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/consumers-guide-buying-franchise
- Notes
- Federal Franchise Rule 14-day disclosure baseline.
- Title
- Universal Waste
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dec.ny.gov/environmental-protection/waste-management/hazardous-waste/universal-waste
- Notes
- Under 5,000 kg small-handler threshold; one-year accumulation; 5,000 kg triggers large-handler controls.
- Title
- Rechargeable Battery Recycling
- Publisher
- New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://dec.ny.gov/environmental-protection/recycling-composting/rechargeable-battery-recycling
- Notes
- Covered rechargeable-battery takeback context; traction-battery applicability must be determined.
- Title
- Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling FAQ
- Publisher
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.epa.gov/hw/lithium-ion-battery-recycling-frequently-asked-questions
- Notes
- Shop-removed EV battery classification and universal-waste controls.
- Title
- Lithium Batteries
- Publisher
- Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/lithiumbatteries
- Notes
- Federal transport requirements and damaged-battery risk.
- Title
- Flood-Damaged EV Battery Safety Advisory
- Publisher
- Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.phmsa.dot.gov/regulatory-compliance/phmsa-guidance/phmsa-safety-advisory-notice-transportation-electric-vehicles-containing-lithium-batteries-damaged-by-extreme-weather-events
- Notes
- Flood/submersion assessment and hazardous-material transport duties.
- Title
- Training Requirements in OSHA Standards
- Publisher
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.osha.gov/training
- Notes
- Employer training duties.
- Title
- Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices
- Publisher
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.osha.gov/enforcement/directives/std-01-16-007
- Notes
- Qualified-person skills under 29 CFR 1910.331–.335.
- Title
- xEV Safety Certifications—Level 1 and 2
- Publisher
- National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Industry certification body
- Link
- https://www.ase.com/tests/x-ev/
- Notes
- Voluntary Level 1 and 2 competence benchmarks; official ASE page.
- Title
- New York Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters
- Publisher
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/state-summary/NY
- Notes
- 1980–2024 event categories and recent storm frequency.
- Title
- Green Rides
- Publisher
- New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyc.gov/site/tlc/about/green-rides.page
- Notes
- High-volume rideshare trip benchmarks: 25% in 2026 and 100% zero-emission or accessible by 2030.
- Title
- Record Electrification Gains
- Publisher
- New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-24
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Link
- https://www.nyc.gov/site/tlc/about/tlc-climate-week-2025-record-electrification-gains.page
- Notes
- 2.46m EV Uber/Lyft trips in July 2025; 21% EV/WAV trip share.
- Title
- Rivian Locations
- Publisher
- Rivian
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://rivian.com/spaces/locations
- Notes
- Official service-and-demo presence at reviewed New York locations.
- Title
- Tesla Service
- Publisher
- Tesla
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://service.tesla.com/
- Notes
- OEM service and independent-information gateway.
- Title
- DR Lab NY
- Publisher
- DR Lab NY
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://drny.us/
- Notes
- Mobile EV/ADAS diagnostic competitor across New York City and Long Island.
- Title
- Brooklyn EV Repair
- Publisher
- Brooklyn EV Repair
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://brooklynevrepair.com/
- Notes
- Independent EV service competitor.
- Title
- Electric Vehicle Repair
- Publisher
- Chelsea Auto Diagnostics
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://chelseaauto.com/services/electric-vehicle-repair
- Notes
- Brooklyn multi-brand EV diagnostic and thermal competitor.
- Title
- Electric Vehicles
- Publisher
- S&T Auto Body
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-01
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://www.stautobody.com/electric-vehicles
- Notes
- Bronx Tesla-approved collision competitor.
- Title
- Certified Collision Long Island
- Publisher
- Certified Collision Long Island
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://certifiedcollisionlongisland.com/
- Notes
- Collision competitor in Freeport, Long Island City and Smithtown.
- Title
- Tesla Service Department
- Publisher
- SST Auto
- Publication Date
- 2023-12-15
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Link
- https://sstauto.com/2023/12/15/sst-auto-opens-tesla-service-department/
- Notes
- Fairfield County cross-border independent competitor serving the lower Hudson market.
- Title
- EVS New York Decision Model
- Publisher
- EVS Worldwide
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-12
- Accessed Date
- 2026-08-12
- Classification
- EVS assumption register
- Link
- https://evsworldwide.com/
- Notes
- All forecasts, addressability factors, economics, gates and recommendations are EVS assumptions.
Source register
54 primary and derived sources
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Source register
54 primary and derived sources
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