Lebanon
EVS Lebanon EV Service Centre Market Entry
Decision-grade Lebanon assessment separating AIA-member new-car flows, selected monthly BEV/PHEV registrations, HEVs, used/parallel imports, unavailable active plug-in stock, operator charging claims, current reported customs incentives and EVS assumptions.
No authoritative active passenger/light-commercial plug-in stock series.
No verified current national commissioned public connector census.
Only after 1,000 separately verified active Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon plug-ins.
USD 50k reversible capex assumption.
The verdict in full
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Market headline
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Market headline
| Metric | Period | Value | Unit | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIA-member new-car registrations | 2025 | 13,379 | vehicles | All powertrains; new flow, not parc [blom_2025]. |
| December 2025 BEV registrations | month | 72 | vehicles | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_2025]. |
| December 2025 PHEV registrations | month | 7 | vehicles | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_2025]. |
| Current active passenger/light-commercial BEV/PHEV stock | current | — | vehicles | No authoritative separated active-stock series located. |
| National commissioned public connector count | current | — | connectors | One operator reported >15 active chargers in July 2024; no national census [evzone]. |
| Executable SOM | pre-gates | 0 | jobs | Zero before all hard gates. |
- Period
- 2025
- Value
- 13,379
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- All powertrains; new flow, not parc [blom_2025].
- Period
- month
- Value
- 72
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_2025].
- Period
- month
- Value
- 7
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_2025].
- Period
- current
- Value
- —
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- No authoritative separated active-stock series located.
- Period
- current
- Value
- —
- Unit
- connectors
- Status
- One operator reported >15 active chargers in July 2024; no national census [evzone].
- Period
- pre-gates
- Value
- 0
- Unit
- jobs
- Status
- Zero before all hard gates.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Market size and vehicle parc
Registration totals are AIA-member new-car flows, not active vehicle parc. Port imports include all powertrains and are not registrations.
Market size and vehicle parc
| Metric | Period | Value | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| New-car registrations | 2025 | 13,379 | AIA-member flow, all powertrains [blom_2025]. |
| New-car registrations | 2024 | 8,226 | AIA-member all-powertrain comparison cited by Italian Trade Agency [ice_market]. |
| New-car sales | 2023 | 6,578 | All-powertrain series; no propulsion split [blom_2023]. |
| New-car sales | 2022 | 6,563 | All-powertrain series; no propulsion split [blom_2023]. |
| Car imports through Port of Beirut | Jan–Apr 2025 | 13,664 | All cars/powertrains; not registrations or stock [port_imports]. |
- Period
- 2025
- Value
- 13,379
- Definition
- AIA-member flow, all powertrains [blom_2025].
- Period
- 2024
- Value
- 8,226
- Definition
- AIA-member all-powertrain comparison cited by Italian Trade Agency [ice_market].
- Period
- 2023
- Value
- 6,578
- Definition
- All-powertrain series; no propulsion split [blom_2023].
- Period
- 2022
- Value
- 6,563
- Definition
- All-powertrain series; no propulsion split [blom_2023].
- Period
- Jan–Apr 2025
- Value
- 13,664
- Definition
- All cars/powertrains; not registrations or stock [port_imports].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
BEV/PHEV sales, stock and adoption history
The propulsion observations are selected monthly flows. No full-year BEV/PHEV split or active-stock history was located.
BEV/PHEV sales, stock and adoption history
| Period | Total New | Hev | Bev | Phev | Plug In Share Pct | Scope |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 2024 | 426 | 66 | 19 | 2 | 4.93 | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_nov24]. |
| Apr 2025 | 601 | 88 | 37 | 10 | 7.82 | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_apr25]. |
| Aug 2025 | 1,255 | 135 | 50 | 18 | 5.418 | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_aug25]. |
| Oct 2025 | 1,470 | 131 | 66 | 26 | 6.259 | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_oct25]. |
| Dec 2025 | 1,312 | 144 | 72 | 7 | 6.021 | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_2025]. |
| Jan 2026 | 1,166 | 186 | 89 | 24 | 9.691 | Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_jan26]. |
- Total New
- 426
- Hev
- 66
- Bev
- 19
- Phev
- 2
- Plug In Share Pct
- 4.93
- Scope
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_nov24].
- Total New
- 601
- Hev
- 88
- Bev
- 37
- Phev
- 10
- Plug In Share Pct
- 7.82
- Scope
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_apr25].
- Total New
- 1,255
- Hev
- 135
- Bev
- 50
- Phev
- 18
- Plug In Share Pct
- 5.418
- Scope
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_aug25].
- Total New
- 1,470
- Hev
- 131
- Bev
- 66
- Phev
- 26
- Plug In Share Pct
- 6.259
- Scope
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_oct25].
- Total New
- 1,312
- Hev
- 144
- Bev
- 72
- Phev
- 7
- Plug In Share Pct
- 6.021
- Scope
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_2025].
- Total New
- 1,166
- Hev
- 186
- Bev
- 89
- Phev
- 24
- Plug In Share Pct
- 9.691
- Scope
- Monthly AIA-member flow [blom_jan26].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Definition reconciliation
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
adoption chart context
Selected monthly plug-in shares are useful market-flow signals, but the intervals are incomplete and cannot be treated as a continuous trend or stock series.
Observed monthly plug-in share rose between selected snapshots
AIA-member monthly new registrations; selected months only; HEVs excluded; not active stock.
Source: Multiple linked sources
Definition reconciliation
| Term | Use | Not Equivalent To |
|---|---|---|
| AIA-member new registrations | Observable new-car flow among member importers | Active parc, used/parallel imports, deregistrations or all market activity. |
| BEV and PHEV | Plug-in categories included in EVS service-pool logic | HEV/mild hybrid; HEV is excluded from plug-in TAM. |
| Port imports | All-powertrain supply-flow context | Registrations, unique vehicles, plug-ins or active stock. |
| Operator active chargers | Commercial network minimum at a dated snapshot | National sites/connectors, uptime, public access or 2026 availability. |
| Exhibitor/model presence | Brand and capability diligence universe | Sales rank, active stock or serviceable vehicles. |
- Use
- Observable new-car flow among member importers
- Not Equivalent To
- Active parc, used/parallel imports, deregistrations or all market activity.
- Use
- Plug-in categories included in EVS service-pool logic
- Not Equivalent To
- HEV/mild hybrid; HEV is excluded from plug-in TAM.
- Use
- All-powertrain supply-flow context
- Not Equivalent To
- Registrations, unique vehicles, plug-ins or active stock.
- Use
- Commercial network minimum at a dated snapshot
- Not Equivalent To
- National sites/connectors, uptime, public access or 2026 availability.
- Use
- Brand and capability diligence universe
- Not Equivalent To
- Sales rank, active stock or serviceable vehicles.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Cautious / base / high scenarios
These are EVS annual-flow share sensitivities on a static 2025 new-car denominator, not an official forecast or stock estimate.
Cautious / base / high scenarios
| Scenario | Share Of Static 2025 New Car Volume Pct | Modelled 2030 Annual New Plug In Registrations | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 5 | 669 | EVS sensitivity using 13,379 as a static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow denominator. Not a government or industry forecast; no stock accumulation is modelled. |
| Base | 10 | 1,338 | EVS sensitivity using 13,379 as a static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow denominator. Not a government or industry forecast; no stock accumulation is modelled. |
| High | 20 | 2,676 | EVS sensitivity using 13,379 as a static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow denominator. Not a government or industry forecast; no stock accumulation is modelled. |
- Share Of Static 2025 New Car Volume Pct
- 5
- Modelled 2030 Annual New Plug In Registrations
- 669
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity using 13,379 as a static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow denominator. Not a government or industry forecast; no stock accumulation is modelled.
- Share Of Static 2025 New Car Volume Pct
- 10
- Modelled 2030 Annual New Plug In Registrations
- 1,338
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity using 13,379 as a static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow denominator. Not a government or industry forecast; no stock accumulation is modelled.
- Share Of Static 2025 New Car Volume Pct
- 20
- Modelled 2030 Annual New Plug In Registrations
- 2,676
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity using 13,379 as a static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow denominator. Not a government or industry forecast; no stock accumulation is modelled.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Charging infrastructure
The >15 figure is one operator’s dated active-charger claim, not a national site/connector or 2026 uptime census.
Charging infrastructure
| Network | Status | Date | Scope |
|---|---|---|---|
| EV Zone / IPT | Operator said over 15 active chargers | 2024-07-11 | One commercial network; site/connector/kW/access/uptime not fully audited [evzone]. |
| National commissioned public EVSE | — | current | No authoritative site/connector census located. |
| 2023 expansion announcement | 50 phase-one / 150 year-end plan | 2023 | Plan only; superseded for active-count purposes by later >15 statement [evzone_plan]. |
- Status
- Operator said over 15 active chargers
- Date
- 2024-07-11
- Scope
- One commercial network; site/connector/kW/access/uptime not fully audited [evzone].
- Status
- —
- Date
- current
- Scope
- No authoritative site/connector census located.
- Status
- 50 phase-one / 150 year-end plan
- Date
- 2023
- Scope
- Plan only; superseded for active-count purposes by later >15 statement [evzone_plan].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Electricity and grid readiness
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Electricity and grid readiness
| Factor | Evidence | Implication |
|---|---|---|
| Public-grid and private-generator mix | NDC says electricity shortfall continues to be served by private diesel generators [ndc_pdf]. | Meter site voltage, frequency, earthing, harmonics and outage behavior; specify UPS/conditioning and no-grid fallback. |
- Evidence
- NDC says electricity shortfall continues to be served by private diesel generators [ndc_pdf].
- Implication
- Meter site voltage, frequency, earthing, harmonics and outage behavior; specify UPS/conditioning and no-grid fallback.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Vehicle parc age and service demand
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
forecast chart context
The forecast bars show only the mathematical effect of 5%, 10% and 20% plug-in shares on static 2025 new-car flow. They do not accumulate vehicles or apply the NDC BAU growth assumption.
2030 annual new plug-in registration sensitivities
EVS shares of static 2025 AIA-member all-powertrain new-car flow; not an official forecast.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Vehicle parc age and service demand
| Signal | Evidence | Implication |
|---|---|---|
| Pre-crisis comparison | 9M 2024 new registrations 6,686 versus around 20,000 in 9M 2019 [credit_9m24]. | Used/older all-powertrain parc likely material, but no authoritative EV age curve was located. |
| New plug-in monthly flows | Plug-ins were 79 in Dec 2025 and 113 in Jan 2026 [blom_2025][blom_jan26]. | Early-life warranty/OEM competition is strong; non-invasive and out-of-warranty/parallel-import capability matters. |
| Parallel/damaged imports | AIA called for registration and recent pre-export inspection documentation [aia_imports]. | Pre-purchase, battery/thermal, structural and diagnostic triage are relevant; prevalence is unquantified. |
- Evidence
- 9M 2024 new registrations 6,686 versus around 20,000 in 9M 2019 [credit_9m24].
- Implication
- Used/older all-powertrain parc likely material, but no authoritative EV age curve was located.
- Evidence
- Plug-ins were 79 in Dec 2025 and 113 in Jan 2026 [blom_2025][blom_jan26].
- Implication
- Early-life warranty/OEM competition is strong; non-invasive and out-of-warranty/parallel-import capability matters.
- Evidence
- AIA called for registration and recent pre-export inspection documentation [aia_imports].
- Implication
- Pre-purchase, battery/thermal, structural and diagnostic triage are relevant; prevalence is unquantified.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
EVS assumptions
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
EVS assumptions
| Assumption | Value | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| Launch threshold | 1,000 active passenger/light-commercial plug-ins in Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon | EVS hard gate; not market estimate. |
| Active factor | 90% | Applied only after matched active-stock gate. |
| Independent reach | 45% | Reflects warranty/OEM capture; test with paid demand. |
| Annual events | 1.20 per reachable vehicle | Planning assumption. |
| Currency | Nominal USD-equivalent | Planning convention; no LBP translation or exchange guarantee. |
| Incentives | Zero benefit in economics | No tax/customs/investment benefit until written eligibility. |
- Value
- 1,000 active passenger/light-commercial plug-ins in Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon
- Classification
- EVS hard gate; not market estimate.
- Value
- 90%
- Classification
- Applied only after matched active-stock gate.
- Value
- 45%
- Classification
- Reflects warranty/OEM capture; test with paid demand.
- Value
- 1.20 per reachable vehicle
- Classification
- Planning assumption.
- Value
- Nominal USD-equivalent
- Classification
- Planning convention; no LBP translation or exchange guarantee.
- Value
- Zero benefit in economics
- Classification
- No tax/customs/investment benefit until written eligibility.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Transparent TAM / SAM / SOM
Current active plug-in TAM remains null and executable SOM zero. The quantified pool is a board gate, not current market size.
Transparent TAM / SAM / SOM
| Layer | Value | Unit | Formula | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAM | — | active passenger/light-commercial BEV/PHEVs | Requires matched registration/import/retirement extract | Unavailable; monthly new registrations cannot produce stock. |
| Gate pool | 1,000 | active plug-ins | EVS board threshold | Not current market size. |
| Gate active pool | 900 | vehicles | 1,000 × 90% | EVS assumption. |
- Value
- —
- Unit
- active passenger/light-commercial BEV/PHEVs
- Formula
- Requires matched registration/import/retirement extract
- Status
- Unavailable; monthly new registrations cannot produce stock.
- Value
- 1,000
- Unit
- active plug-ins
- Formula
- EVS board threshold
- Status
- Not current market size.
- Value
- 900
- Unit
- vehicles
- Formula
- 1,000 × 90%
- Status
- EVS assumption.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Customer and fleet segments
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Customer and fleet segments
| Segment | Need | Proof Required |
|---|---|---|
| Authorized-dealer overflow / referrals | Non-warranty tyres, alignment, brakes, suspension, AC/cooling and triage | Signed task boundary, warranty/referral protocol and paid jobs. |
| Parallel-import and used-EV owners | Pre-purchase, scan, thermal/SOH evidence, 12V and consumables | VIN/task matrix, tool access and 30 paid bookings. |
| Corporate, rental and delivery fleets | Uptime, inspection, telematics triage and preventive care | One paid trial or binding LOI covering 25+ plug-ins. |
| Insurers/body shops | Post-impact isolation/triage and evidence pack | Insurer-approved scope; no structural or pack work without specialist route. |
| Charging hosts/operators | Vehicle-side fault triage and EVSE referral | Site audit and service-level agreement. |
- Need
- Non-warranty tyres, alignment, brakes, suspension, AC/cooling and triage
- Proof Required
- Signed task boundary, warranty/referral protocol and paid jobs.
- Need
- Pre-purchase, scan, thermal/SOH evidence, 12V and consumables
- Proof Required
- VIN/task matrix, tool access and 30 paid bookings.
- Need
- Uptime, inspection, telematics triage and preventive care
- Proof Required
- One paid trial or binding LOI covering 25+ plug-ins.
- Need
- Post-impact isolation/triage and evidence pack
- Proof Required
- Insurer-approved scope; no structural or pack work without specialist route.
- Need
- Vehicle-side fault triage and EVSE referral
- Proof Required
- Site audit and service-level agreement.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Leading EV brands and models
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Leading EV brands and models
| Evidence | Brands | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly overall new-car leaders | Toyota, Kia, Nissan | December 2025 overall new market; not plug-in ranking [blom_2025]. |
| January 2026 overall new-car leaders | Toyota, Nissan, MG | Overall market; not plug-in ranking [blom_jan26]. |
| 2025 e-MotorShow exhibitors | Arcfox; Audi; BAIC; BMW; Cadillac; Chevrolet; Fiat; Lexus; Maserati; Mazda; Mercedes-Benz; Porsche; Smart; Toyota; Voyah; Xpeng; Zeekr | Exhibitor presence only [emotorshow]. |
| Leading BEV/PHEV models | — | No authoritative unit-ranking located; obtain VIN/model registrations before tooling and parts decisions. |
- Brands
- Toyota, Kia, Nissan
- Scope
- December 2025 overall new market; not plug-in ranking [blom_2025].
- Brands
- Toyota, Nissan, MG
- Scope
- Overall market; not plug-in ranking [blom_jan26].
- Brands
- Arcfox; Audi; BAIC; BMW; Cadillac; Chevrolet; Fiat; Lexus; Maserati; Mazda; Mercedes-Benz; Porsche; Smart; Toyota; Voyah; Xpeng; Zeekr
- Scope
- Exhibitor presence only [emotorshow].
- Brands
- —
- Scope
- No authoritative unit-ranking located; obtain VIN/model registrations before tooling and parts decisions.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Independent and OEM competitors
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Independent and OEM competitors
| Type | Strength | EVS Response |
|---|---|---|
| Authorized OEM/importer networks | Warranty, genuine parts, battery support, recalls and software access [aia_warranty]. | Complementary non-warranty clinic and documented referrals; do not imply OEM authorization. |
| EV Zone / IPT | Known charging-network operator with app and >15 active chargers at July 2024 [evzone]. | Partner/vehicle-side triage opportunity; independently audit sites and uptime. |
- Strength
- Warranty, genuine parts, battery support, recalls and software access [aia_warranty].
- EVS Response
- Complementary non-warranty clinic and documented referrals; do not imply OEM authorization.
- Strength
- Known charging-network operator with app and >15 active chargers at July 2024 [evzone].
- EVS Response
- Partner/vehicle-side triage opportunity; independently audit sites and uptime.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Priority cities and regions
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Priority cities and regions
| Priority | Region | Role | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Greater Beirut / Mount Lebanon | Pilot partner clinic | Dealer, business and charging venue density; verify active plug-in VINs and power/site permits. |
- Region
- Greater Beirut / Mount Lebanon
- Role
- Pilot partner clinic
- Rationale
- Dealer, business and charging venue density; verify active plug-in VINs and power/site permits.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Consumer incentives and policy
Current exemptions are reported from customs decisions through an official foreign trade agency. The model assumes no benefit until the signed Lebanese text and vehicle classification are obtained.
Consumer incentives and policy
| Measure | Current Reported Treatment | Validity | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| New BEVs | Full customs-duty and internal-consumption-tax exemption; red-track inspection | 10 Feb 2026–9 Feb 2031 reported | Decision 9/2026 official text, HS/VIN ruling and current registration/mechanical charges [ice_customs26]. |
| New hybrids including PHEV | 80% customs/internal-consumption-tax exemption; red-track inspection and manufacturer certificate | 10 Feb 2026–9 Feb 2031 reported | Decision 10/2026 official text and propulsion classification [ice_customs26]. |
- Current Reported Treatment
- Full customs-duty and internal-consumption-tax exemption; red-track inspection
- Validity
- 10 Feb 2026–9 Feb 2031 reported
- Control
- Decision 9/2026 official text, HS/VIN ruling and current registration/mechanical charges [ice_customs26].
- Current Reported Treatment
- 80% customs/internal-consumption-tax exemption; red-track inspection and manufacturer certificate
- Validity
- 10 Feb 2026–9 Feb 2031 reported
- Control
- Decision 10/2026 official text and propulsion classification [ice_customs26].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Business, tax and investment incentives
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Business, tax and investment incentives
| Item | Reported | Treatment |
|---|---|---|
| Corporate income tax | 17% | Professional summary; written Lebanese tax opinion controls [pwc_cit]. |
| VAT | 11% standard | Confirm registration, invoice currency and service/parts treatment [pwc_other]. |
- Reported
- 17%
- Treatment
- Professional summary; written Lebanese tax opinion controls [pwc_cit].
- Reported
- 11% standard
- Treatment
- Confirm registration, invoice currency and service/parts treatment [pwc_other].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Labour, licensing and workshop regulation
Exact workshop, fire, HV, labour, environmental and insurer routes require written Lebanon-specific confirmation. This is not legal, tax, engineering or insurance advice.
Labour, licensing and workshop regulation
| Area | Requirement | Gate |
|---|---|---|
| Entity and tax | Register operating entity, tax/VAT and books; review franchise/non-resident flows. | Written lawyer/accountant matrix and current clearances [pwc_cit][pwc_other][pwc_admin]. |
| Premises / land use / municipality | Parcel-specific workshop use, municipal business permit, building/occupancy and signage. | Written municipality and Urban Planning confirmation [planning]. |
- Requirement
- Register operating entity, tax/VAT and books; review franchise/non-resident flows.
- Gate
- Written lawyer/accountant matrix and current clearances [pwc_cit][pwc_other][pwc_admin].
- Requirement
- Parcel-specific workshop use, municipal business permit, building/occupancy and signage.
- Gate
- Written municipality and Urban Planning confirmation [planning].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
High-voltage controls
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
High-voltage controls
| Control | Minimum | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Competence | Two assessed technicians; task-level authorization and rescue drill. | No Lebanon-specific EV/HV technician credential route was verified. |
| Safe state | Identify, isolate, lock/tag, prove dead, secure keys and document re-energization. | Use manufacturer instructions plus written local safety/insurer controls. |
| Equipment | Rated PPE/tools, CAT-rated meter/proving unit, barriers, insulated rescue hook and inspection logs. | Standards are benchmarks, not proof of local adoption [iso_6469][ilo_osh]. |
| EVSE work | Licensed electrical contractor; no energized charger repair by vehicle technicians. | IEC 61851/ISO 17409 benchmark only [iec_61851][iso_17409]. |
| Software and cybersecurity | Lawful subscriptions, consent, audit log, no unsupported immobilizer/ADAS/security bypass. | VIN/task/OEM warranty matrix required. |
- Minimum
- Two assessed technicians; task-level authorization and rescue drill.
- Status
- No Lebanon-specific EV/HV technician credential route was verified.
- Minimum
- Identify, isolate, lock/tag, prove dead, secure keys and document re-energization.
- Status
- Use manufacturer instructions plus written local safety/insurer controls.
- Minimum
- Rated PPE/tools, CAT-rated meter/proving unit, barriers, insulated rescue hook and inspection logs.
- Status
- Standards are benchmarks, not proof of local adoption [iso_6469][ilo_osh].
- Minimum
- Licensed electrical contractor; no energized charger repair by vehicle technicians.
- Status
- IEC 61851/ISO 17409 benchmark only [iec_61851][iso_17409].
- Minimum
- Lawful subscriptions, consent, audit log, no unsupported immobilizer/ADAS/security bypass.
- Status
- VIN/task/OEM warranty matrix required.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Battery and waste controls
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Battery and waste controls
| Stream | Launch Rule | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| 12V batteries, tyres, fluids and e-waste | Named licensed collection/recipient, manifests and segregation before first job. | Law 80/2018 and Decree 5606/2019 route [waste_law]. |
| Damaged traction battery / module | No custody, opening, storage, carriage or export before written classification, fire plan, insurer, carrier and named recipient. | National law plus UN 38.3/Basel controls [waste_law][un_tests][basel]. |
- Launch Rule
- Named licensed collection/recipient, manifests and segregation before first job.
- Evidence
- Law 80/2018 and Decree 5606/2019 route [waste_law].
- Launch Rule
- No custody, opening, storage, carriage or export before written classification, fire plan, insurer, carrier and named recipient.
- Evidence
- National law plus UN 38.3/Basel controls [waste_law][un_tests][basel].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Recommended service portfolio
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Recommended service portfolio
| Phase | Services | Boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Launch | OBD scan/report; non-invasive thermal/SOH screening; 12V; tyres/alignment; brakes; suspension; cooling/AC; pre-purchase; fleet inspection | Only supported VIN/task combinations; no implied OEM authorization. |
| After evidence | Selected de-energized HV components and charger vehicle-side diagnosis | Written training, tools, parts, insurer and emergency route. |
| Hold | Pack opening/removal/storage/shipping; collision structure; unsupported coding; ADAS calibration without validated equipment | Separate approvals and capability gate. |
- Services
- OBD scan/report; non-invasive thermal/SOH screening; 12V; tyres/alignment; brakes; suspension; cooling/AC; pre-purchase; fleet inspection
- Boundary
- Only supported VIN/task combinations; no implied OEM authorization.
- Services
- Selected de-energized HV components and charger vehicle-side diagnosis
- Boundary
- Written training, tools, parts, insurer and emergency route.
- Services
- Pack opening/removal/storage/shipping; collision structure; unsupported coding; ADAS calibration without validated equipment
- Boundary
- Separate approvals and capability gate.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Operating model
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Operating model
| Component | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Format | Partner-clinic bay inside an existing compliant Greater Beirut/Mount Lebanon workshop; mobile triage within controlled scope. |
| Commercial | USD-equivalent menu pricing, customer consent and documented LBP settlement if used; no consumer financing assumption. |
| Inventory | Fast-moving consumables only; parts ordered against VIN/deposit; no traction-pack inventory. |
| Quality | Digital intake, before/after scan, photo/thermal evidence, torque/inspection checklists and referral log. |
| Power | Metered dedicated circuit, conditioning/UPS for diagnostic systems and controlled outage procedure. |
| Data | Law 81/2018 consent, minimum collection, role access, retention schedule, encrypted transfer and vendor contracts [privacy_law]. |
- Recommendation
- Partner-clinic bay inside an existing compliant Greater Beirut/Mount Lebanon workshop; mobile triage within controlled scope.
- Recommendation
- USD-equivalent menu pricing, customer consent and documented LBP settlement if used; no consumer financing assumption.
- Recommendation
- Fast-moving consumables only; parts ordered against VIN/deposit; no traction-pack inventory.
- Recommendation
- Digital intake, before/after scan, photo/thermal evidence, torque/inspection checklists and referral log.
- Recommendation
- Metered dedicated circuit, conditioning/UPS for diagnostic systems and controlled outage procedure.
- Recommendation
- Law 81/2018 consent, minimum collection, role access, retention schedule, encrypted transfer and vendor contracts [privacy_law].
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Franchise pathway
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Franchise pathway
| Stage | Model | Commitment |
|---|---|---|
| 0–90 days | Managed partner clinic | Reversible capex ≤USD 50k; no long lease/exclusivity. |
| Post-pilot | Licensed service cell | Only after 90-day gate and twelve-month evidence; task/VIN boundary remains. |
| Standalone franchise | Deferred | Requires verified regional active stock, sustained paid jobs, lawful waste route and ≤3-year base payback. |
- Model
- Managed partner clinic
- Commitment
- Reversible capex ≤USD 50k; no long lease/exclusivity.
- Model
- Licensed service cell
- Commitment
- Only after 90-day gate and twelve-month evidence; task/VIN boundary remains.
- Model
- Deferred
- Commitment
- Requires verified regional active stock, sustained paid jobs, lawful waste route and ≤3-year base payback.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Pilot steady-state economics
All values are nominal USD-equivalent, VAT-exclusive and pre-tax EVS partner-clinic assumptions; no exchange-rate guarantee or incentive is used.
Pilot steady-state economics
| Scenario | Jobs | Aro Usd | Gross Margin Pct | Opex Usd | Revenue Usd | Gross Profit Usd | Ebitda Usd | Payback Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 80 | 200 | 55 | 12,000 | 16,000 | 8,800 | -3,200 | — |
- Jobs
- 80
- Aro Usd
- 200
- Gross Margin Pct
- 55
- Opex Usd
- 12,000
- Revenue Usd
- 16,000
- Gross Profit Usd
- 8,800
- Ebitda Usd
- -3,200
- Payback Years
- —
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
90-day pilot economics
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
90-day pilot economics
| Scenario | Jobs 90d | Aro Usd | Gross Margin Pct | Opex Usd | Revenue Usd | Gross Profit Usd | Ebitda Usd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 20 | 200 | 55 | 3,000 | 4,000 | 2,200 | -800 |
- Jobs 90d
- 20
- Aro Usd
- 200
- Gross Margin Pct
- 55
- Opex Usd
- 3,000
- Revenue Usd
- 4,000
- Gross Profit Usd
- 2,200
- Ebitda Usd
- -800
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Risks and mitigations
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Risks and mitigations
| Risk | Likelihood | Impact | Mitigation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active-stock denominator unavailable | High | Critical | Matched registry/import VIN extract; executable SOM zero before gate. |
| Warranty/OEM/software capture | High | High | Non-warranty scope, lawful tools and referral agreements [aia_warranty]. |
| Grey/damaged import quality | Medium–High | High | Pre-purchase/structural/thermal triage and clear exclusions [aia_imports]. |
| Grid/generator power quality | High | High | Site tests, conditioning, UPS and outage workflow [ndc_pdf][generator_policy]. |
| Conflict and disruption | High | Critical | Beirut/Mount Lebanon reversible format, mobile continuity, no South/Nabatiyeh capex [worldbank_rdna]. |
| Banking/currency/cash controls | High | High | Deposits, daily reconciliation, low inventory and no credit reliance [imf_2025]. |
| Customs/incentive implementation | Medium | High | Official text and written HS/VIN ruling; model zero benefit [ice_customs26]. |
| Battery fire/electric shock | Low | Critical | No pack work; isolation, rescue and insurer controls. |
| No approved waste recipient | High | Critical | No battery custody before signed carrier/recipient route [waste_law]. |
| Paid demand below gate | High | High | Deposits, fleet trial and day-90 stop. |
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- Critical
- Mitigation
- Matched registry/import VIN extract; executable SOM zero before gate.
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Non-warranty scope, lawful tools and referral agreements [aia_warranty].
- Likelihood
- Medium–High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Pre-purchase/structural/thermal triage and clear exclusions [aia_imports].
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Site tests, conditioning, UPS and outage workflow [ndc_pdf][generator_policy].
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- Critical
- Mitigation
- Beirut/Mount Lebanon reversible format, mobile continuity, no South/Nabatiyeh capex [worldbank_rdna].
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Deposits, daily reconciliation, low inventory and no credit reliance [imf_2025].
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Official text and written HS/VIN ruling; model zero benefit [ice_customs26].
- Likelihood
- Low
- Impact
- Critical
- Mitigation
- No pack work; isolation, rescue and insurer controls.
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- Critical
- Mitigation
- No battery custody before signed carrier/recipient route [waste_law].
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Deposits, fleet trial and day-90 stop.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
90-day entry plan
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
90-day entry plan
| Days | Objective | Actions | Owner | Deliverable |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–15 | Definitions and law | Obtain AIA/registration/import VIN extract; commission entity/tax/customs/labour/workshop/fire/environment/waste/data/insurance matrices. | EVS board / Lebanon counsel | Evidence and compliance file. |
- Objective
- Definitions and law
- Actions
- Obtain AIA/registration/import VIN extract; commission entity/tax/customs/labour/workshop/fire/environment/waste/data/insurance matrices.
- Owner
- EVS board / Lebanon counsel
- Deliverable
- Evidence and compliance file.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Explicit go / no-go gates
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Explicit go / no-go gates
| Gate | Go | No Go |
|---|---|---|
| Market denominator | Matched extract proves at least 1,000 active passenger/light-commercial BEV/PHEVs in Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon, separately classified. | Count below 1,000 or propulsion/class/region/active status unavailable. |
- Go
- Matched extract proves at least 1,000 active passenger/light-commercial BEV/PHEVs in Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon, separately classified.
- No Go
- Count below 1,000 or propulsion/class/region/active status unavailable.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Methodology
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Methodology
| Step | Method |
|---|---|
| 1. Evidence hierarchy | Lebanese authorities, official operators, multilaterals and official trade agencies first; professional/industry/secondary sources labelled. |
| 2. Definition control | Separate all-powertrain new sales/imports, AIA-member monthly BEV/PHEV flows, HEVs, active plug-in stock, model presence and commissioned EVSE. |
| 3. Current market | Leave active passenger/light-commercial plug-in TAM and national connector count null without matched authoritative data. |
| 4. Forecast sensitivity | Apply 5%/10%/20% to static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow; do not accumulate stock. |
| 5. Gate SAM | 1,000 Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon plug-ins × 90% active × 45% reach × 1.20 events. |
| 6. SOM | Zero before all hard gates. |
| 7. Economics | Nominal USD-equivalent, VAT-exclusive/pre-tax EVS assumptions; no incentive or LBP conversion. |
| 8. Regulation | No incentive, credential, permit, standard adoption or waste route assumed without written current confirmation. |
| 9. Validation | JSON/schema, formulas, citations, links, brand colours, definition control, duplicate search and template-residue checks. |
- Method
- Lebanese authorities, official operators, multilaterals and official trade agencies first; professional/industry/secondary sources labelled.
- Method
- Separate all-powertrain new sales/imports, AIA-member monthly BEV/PHEV flows, HEVs, active plug-in stock, model presence and commissioned EVSE.
- Method
- Leave active passenger/light-commercial plug-in TAM and national connector count null without matched authoritative data.
- Method
- Apply 5%/10%/20% to static 2025 AIA-member new-car flow; do not accumulate stock.
- Method
- 1,000 Greater Beirut–Mount Lebanon plug-ins × 90% active × 45% reach × 1.20 events.
- Method
- Zero before all hard gates.
- Method
- Nominal USD-equivalent, VAT-exclusive/pre-tax EVS assumptions; no incentive or LBP conversion.
- Method
- No incentive, credential, permit, standard adoption or waste route assumed without written current confirmation.
- Method
- JSON/schema, formulas, citations, links, brand colours, definition control, duplicate search and template-residue checks.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
economics chart context
The economics bars are capacity-disciplined partner-clinic assumptions. Executable volume remains zero before all gates.
Greater Beirut / Mount Lebanon partner-clinic EBITDA
Nominal USD-equivalent; EVS steady-state assumptions.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Evidence gaps
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Evidence gaps
| Gap | Needed | Decision Effect |
|---|---|---|
| Active passenger/light-commercial BEV and PHEV count | Matched registration/import VIN extract by propulsion, class, region, registration and active status | Blocks TAM and standalone centre/franchise. |
| Annual BEV/PHEV sales/stock/model history | Annual first registrations, used imports, deregistrations and model table | Blocks forecast calibration and tooling inventory. |
| Public charging census | Site, connector, standard, kW, access, tariff, uptime and commissioning date | Blocks national network claim. |
| Customs and fee treatment | Decisions 9/2026 and 10/2026, Gazette publication, HS/VIN ruling, registration/mechanical fee schedule | Blocks landed-cost/incentive claim. |
| Workshop/HV credential and permits | Written municipality, Urban Planning, labour/CNSS, electrical, Civil Defence, environment and insurer route | Blocks repair launch. |
| Traction-battery route | Classification, storage, carrier and named approved recipient | Holds pack work. |
| Paid demand and OEM boundary | Bookings, fleet VINs, tool/parts/warranty access and paid trial | Blocks continuation. |
- Needed
- Matched registration/import VIN extract by propulsion, class, region, registration and active status
- Decision Effect
- Blocks TAM and standalone centre/franchise.
- Needed
- Annual first registrations, used imports, deregistrations and model table
- Decision Effect
- Blocks forecast calibration and tooling inventory.
- Needed
- Site, connector, standard, kW, access, tariff, uptime and commissioning date
- Decision Effect
- Blocks national network claim.
- Needed
- Decisions 9/2026 and 10/2026, Gazette publication, HS/VIN ruling, registration/mechanical fee schedule
- Decision Effect
- Blocks landed-cost/incentive claim.
- Needed
- Written municipality, Urban Planning, labour/CNSS, electrical, Civil Defence, environment and insurer route
- Decision Effect
- Blocks repair launch.
- Needed
- Classification, storage, carrier and named approved recipient
- Decision Effect
- Holds pack work.
- Needed
- Bookings, fleet VINs, tool/parts/warranty access and paid trial
- Decision Effect
- Blocks continuation.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
Complete linked source register
Every material quantitative claim is linked or explicitly labelled as an EVS assumption.
Complete linked source register
| Source Id | Publisher | Publication Date | Accessed At | Scope | Href |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| blom_2025 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2026-01-29 | 2026-08-11 | Market-source AIA-member series: 13,379 new cars in 2025. December had 1,312 registrations, including 144 HEV, 72 BEV and 7 PHEV. Monthly propulsion split is not full-year plug-in sales or active stock. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-62-64-yoy-by-december-2025/ |
| blom_jan26 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2026-02-25 | 2026-08-11 | January 2026: 1,166 new cars, including 186 HEV, 89 BEV and 24 PHEV. Monthly flow only. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-37-34-yoy-by-january-2026/ |
| blom_oct25 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2025-11-27 | 2026-08-11 | 10,917 cumulative new cars through October; October 1,470 total, including 131 HEV, 66 BEV and 26 PHEV. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-52-41-yoy-by-october-2025/ |
| blom_apr25 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2025-05-29 | 2026-08-11 | 2,926 cumulative new cars; April 601 total, including 88 HEV, 37 BEV and 10 PHEV. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-60-95-yoy-by-april-2025/ |
| blom_aug25 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2025-09-25 | 2026-08-11 | 8,016 cumulative new cars; August 1,255 total, including 135 HEV, 50 BEV and 18 PHEV. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-39-19-yoy-by-august-2025/ |
| blom_nov24 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2024-12-24 | 2026-08-11 | 7,589 cumulative new cars; November 426 total, including 66 HEV, 19 BEV and 2 PHEV. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-54-94-yoy-by-november-2024/ |
| credit_9m24 | Credit Libanais | 2024-10-30 | 2026-08-11 | AIA data: 6,686 new registrations in 9M 2024 versus 3,891 in 9M 2023 and around 20,000 in 9M 2019. All powertrains. | https://economics.creditlibanais.com/Article/212353 |
| credit_apr24 | Credit Libanais | 2024-05-28 | 2026-08-11 | AIA data: 1,818 new registrations through April 2024 versus 1,480 prior-year; over 8,000 in four months of 2019. All powertrains. | https://economics.creditlibanais.com/Article/212178 |
| blom_2023 | BLOMINVEST Bank | 2024-02-05 | 2026-08-11 | Reports 6,578 new cars in 2023 versus 6,563 in 2022; no propulsion split. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/lebanon-pmi-moves-closer-to-50-0-stabilization-mark/ |
| ice_market | Italian Trade Agency | 2025-11-17 | 2026-08-11 | AIA members registered 9,447 cars in 9M 2025; page estimated 12,596 for 2025 versus 8,226 in 2024. Later full-year source supersedes the 2025 estimate. | https://www.ice.it/it/news/notizie-dal-mondo/294612 |
| ice_customs26 | Italian Trade Agency | 2026-02-27 | 2026-08-11 | Reports Higher Customs Council Decisions 9/2026 and 10/2026: new BEVs fully exempt from customs and internal consumption tax; new hybrids receive 80% exemption; red-track inspection; validity through 9 February 2031. Obtain official Gazette/decision text and HS/VIN ruling before reliance. | https://www.ice.it/it/news/notizie-dal-mondo/300210 |
| lorient_budget24 | L’Orient Today | 2024-02-23 | 2026-08-11 | Historical Article 69 of the 2024 Budget: BEV customs/excise exemption and registration/mechanical reductions; later 2026 decisions control current treatment. | https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1369147/lebanese-car-importers-welcome-extension-of-tax-breaks-for-electric-vehicles.html |
| customs_home | Lebanese Customs | — | 2026-08-11 | Official tariff, statistics, exemptions and vehicle-calculator portal; obtain a written current classification. | https://www.customs.gov.lb/ |
| customs_exemptions | Lebanese Customs | — | 2026-08-11 | Official exemptions route; dynamic page accessibility was inconsistent at research time. | https://www.customs.gov.lb/exemptions/exemptions.aspx |
| port_imports | Italian Trade Agency | 2025-08-21 | 2026-08-11 | 13,664 car imports versus 11,890 in the first four months of 2024; all powertrains and not registrations or EV stock. | https://aziendeaccordi.ice.it/it/news/notizie-dal-mondo/287832 |
| evzone | IPT Group | 2024-07-11 | 2026-08-11 | Operator says over 15 chargers were active across multiple venue types. This is one network as of July 2024, not a current national site/connector census. | https://www.iptgroup.com.lb/ipt/en/ev-zone-network-app-launching |
| evzone_plan | INDEVCO Group | 2023-02-20 | 2026-08-11 | Earlier plan for 50 stations in phase one and 150 by year-end. Later active-count statement is used instead of this plan. | https://news.indevcogroup.com/corporate/phoenix-energy-partners-with-ipt-to-launch-the-first-smart-ev-charging-network-in-lebanon/ |
| ndc_page | Lebanon Ministry of Environment | 2025-09-30 | 2026-08-11 | Official landing page for Lebanon NDC 3.0. | https://www.moe.gov.lb/%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-NDC-3-0.aspx |
| ndc_pdf | Lebanon Ministry of Environment / UNFCCC | 2025-09-30 | 2026-08-11 | Official 2035 targets: 22% unconditional and 33% conditional GHG reduction versus BAU; renewable electricity-demand share 25%/30%. Transport emitted 6,662 Gg CO2e in 2022, 32.5% of total. Draft e-mobility strategy and BAU growth assumptions are not current stock or official vehicle forecasts. | https://www.moe.gov.lb/getattachment/ce603dea-5401-4daa-9f5c-0676fe08ba94/LBN-NDC-3-0-30-09-2025-Final_compressed.pdf.aspx?lang=ar-LB |
| energy_ministry | Lebanon Ministry of Energy and Water | — | 2026-08-11 | Official electricity and private-generator tariff portal; workshop supply must be site-tested. | https://www.energyandwater.gov.lb/ |
| generator_policy | Lebanon Ministry of Economy and Trade | 2025-08-22 | 2026-08-11 | Official evidence that private generators remain regulated and material; not a workshop power-quality measurement. | https://www.economy.gov.lb/ar/announcements/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8B%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D9%91%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA |
| worldbank_rdna | World Bank | 2025-03-07 | 2026-08-11 | RDNA: US$11bn recovery needs; US$14bn economic cost; 2024 real GDP contraction 7.1%; cumulative GDP decline since 2019 near 40%. South and Nabatiyeh most affected. | https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2025/03/07/lebanon-s-recovery-and-reconstruction-needs-estimated-at-us-11-billion |
| worldbank_lem | World Bank | 2025-06-19 | 2026-08-11 | Spring 2025 LEM projected 4.7% real GDP growth and 15.2% inflation in 2025, contingent on stabilization; unresolved financial crisis constrains credit and investment. | https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2025/06/19/fragile-stabilization-fuels-growth-in-lebanon |
| imf_2026 | International Monetary Fund | 2026-02-13 | 2026-08-11 | Current reform context: bank restructuring and comprehensive fiscal framework remain central; this was a staff visit, not an approved Fund arrangement. | https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/02/13/pr-26050-lebanon-imf-staff-concludes-visit |
| imf_2025 | International Monetary Fund | 2025-06-05 | 2026-08-11 | Bank restructuring, cash-based economy, limited fiscal space and need for concessional reconstruction support. | https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2025/06/05/pr-25182-lebanon-imf-staff-concludes-mission-to-lebanon |
| pwc_cit | PwC | 2026-07-01 | 2026-08-11 | Professional summary: 17% CIT; 10% dividend WHT; 8.5% non-resident service WHT and 3.4% other non-resident WHT from Q2 2024. Written Lebanese tax advice controls. | https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/lebanon/corporate/taxes-on-corporate-income |
| pwc_other | PwC | 2026-07-01 | 2026-08-11 | Professional summary: standard VAT 11%; 2024 mandatory registration threshold LBP 5bn over one to four consecutive quarters. Confirm invoice currency, payroll and current filing treatment. | https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/lebanon/corporate/other-taxes |
| pwc_admin | PwC | 2026-07-01 | 2026-08-11 | Professional filing summary; local accountant confirmation required. | https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/lebanon/corporate/tax-administration |
| idal | IDAL | 2026-07-29 | 2026-08-11 | Official investment-promotion and permit-assistance route under Investment Law 360. | https://investinlebanon.gov.lb/ |
| idal_incentives | IDAL | — | 2026-08-11 | PDC scheme can include tax, dividend, land-registration and permit-fee benefits for qualifying large projects; no benefit is assumed for this pilot without written eligibility. | https://investinlebanon.gov.lb/en/doing_business/investment_incentives/incentives_granted_by_idal |
| cnss | CNSS Lebanon | — | 2026-08-11 | Official employer/social-security administration route; obtain current contribution ceilings/rates and clearance obligations in writing. | https://www.cnss.gov.lb/ |
| cnss_inspection | CNSS Lebanon | 2026-02-12 | 2026-08-11 | Official evidence of active employer inspection and undeclared-worker enforcement; not a contribution-rate source. | https://www.cnss.gov.lb/2026/02/ |
| planning | Lebanon Ministry of Public Works and Transport | — | 2026-08-11 | Official land-use/planning authority; a workshop site requires parcel-specific land-use and municipal confirmation. | https://dgu.gov.lb/ |
| waste_law | Lebanon Ministry of Environment | 2024-05-15 | 2026-08-11 | Official circular applies Integrated Solid Waste Management Law 80/2018 and Decree 5606/2019 procedures for hazardous-waste recovery, treatment and disposal facilities. | https://www.moe.gov.lb/%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AF-%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.aspx |
| privacy_law | Banque du Liban | 2018-10-10 | 2026-08-11 | Official repository lists Law 81/2018 on Electronic Transactions and Personal Data. Counsel must map diagnostic telemetry, VIN/customer data, consent, retention and cross-border processing. | https://www.bdl.gov.lb/laws.php |
| aia_imports | Elsiyasa | 2025-11-05 | 2026-08-11 | Secondary relay of AIA statement citing Traffic Law Article 348 and pre-export inspection documentation. Signed law and customs/registration practice control. | https://elsiyasa.com/article/385160 |
| aia_warranty | Elsiyasa | 2025-11-07 | 2026-08-11 | AIA says authorized-representative vehicles have manufacturer warranty, genuine parts, battery support and recall/software monitoring. Treat as industry position; contract and law control. | https://elsiyasa.com/article/385345/AIA%2BCalls%2Bfor%2BConsumer%2BProtection%2Bin%2BLebanon%2Bthrough%2Bthe%2BEnforcement%2Bof%2BArticle%2B44%2Bof%2BLaw%2BNo.%2B659 |
| emotorshow | Maqina | 2025-05-12 | 2026-08-11 | Exhibitors included Arcfox, Audi, BAIC, BMW, Cadillac, Chevrolet, Fiat, Lexus, Maserati, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Smart, Toyota, Voyah, Xpeng and Zeekr. Presence is not sales rank or active stock. | https://www.maqina.me/post/beirut-hosts-the-third-edition-of-the-e-motorshow-middle-east-for-electric-hybrid-cars |
| iso_6469 | International Organization for Standardization | — | 2026-08-11 | International benchmark; Lebanese adoption/edition and legal status not established. | https://www.iso.org/standard/45477.html |
| iso_17409 | International Organization for Standardization | — | 2026-08-11 | International benchmark; local electrical approvals control. | https://www.iso.org/standard/68474.html |
| iec_61851 | International Electrotechnical Commission | — | 2026-08-11 | International EVSE benchmark; not proof of Lebanese adoption. | https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/33644 |
| un_r100 | UNECE | — | 2026-08-11 | International electric-powertrain safety reference; homologation applicability must be confirmed. | https://unece.org/transport/documents/2022/03/standards/un-regulation-no-100-rev3 |
| un_tests | UNECE | — | 2026-08-11 | UN 38.3 transport evidence route for lithium batteries; carrier and authority rules also control. | https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/rev8-files |
| ilo_osh | International Labour Organization | — | 2026-08-11 | Management-system benchmark; Lebanese law, insurer and emergency services control. | https://www.ilo.org/resource/other/guidelines-occupational-safety-and-health-management-systems-ilo-osh-2001 |
| basel | Basel Convention Secretariat | — | 2026-08-11 | International hazardous-waste movement framework; competent-authority decisions and approved recipient required. | https://www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview/TextoftheConvention/tabid/1275/Default.aspx |
| mixed_sources | EVS Research | 2026-08-11 | 2026-08-11 | Table aggregates individually linked records. | https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-62-64-yoy-by-december-2025/ |
| evs_model | EVS Worldwide | 2026-08-11 | 2026-08-11 | All explicitly labelled assumptions, thresholds, sensitivities and calculations are EVS decision inputs, not sourced market facts. | https://www.evsworldwide.com/ |
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-29
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Market-source AIA-member series: 13,379 new cars in 2025. December had 1,312 registrations, including 144 HEV, 72 BEV and 7 PHEV. Monthly propulsion split is not full-year plug-in sales or active stock.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-62-64-yoy-by-december-2025/
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-25
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- January 2026: 1,166 new cars, including 186 HEV, 89 BEV and 24 PHEV. Monthly flow only.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-37-34-yoy-by-january-2026/
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-27
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- 10,917 cumulative new cars through October; October 1,470 total, including 131 HEV, 66 BEV and 26 PHEV.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-52-41-yoy-by-october-2025/
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-29
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- 2,926 cumulative new cars; April 601 total, including 88 HEV, 37 BEV and 10 PHEV.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-60-95-yoy-by-april-2025/
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-25
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- 8,016 cumulative new cars; August 1,255 total, including 135 HEV, 50 BEV and 18 PHEV.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-39-19-yoy-by-august-2025/
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- 7,589 cumulative new cars; November 426 total, including 66 HEV, 19 BEV and 2 PHEV.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-54-94-yoy-by-november-2024/
- Publisher
- Credit Libanais
- Publication Date
- 2024-10-30
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- AIA data: 6,686 new registrations in 9M 2024 versus 3,891 in 9M 2023 and around 20,000 in 9M 2019. All powertrains.
- Href
- https://economics.creditlibanais.com/Article/212353
- Publisher
- Credit Libanais
- Publication Date
- 2024-05-28
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- AIA data: 1,818 new registrations through April 2024 versus 1,480 prior-year; over 8,000 in four months of 2019. All powertrains.
- Href
- https://economics.creditlibanais.com/Article/212178
- Publisher
- BLOMINVEST Bank
- Publication Date
- 2024-02-05
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Reports 6,578 new cars in 2023 versus 6,563 in 2022; no propulsion split.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/lebanon-pmi-moves-closer-to-50-0-stabilization-mark/
- Publisher
- Italian Trade Agency
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-17
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- AIA members registered 9,447 cars in 9M 2025; page estimated 12,596 for 2025 versus 8,226 in 2024. Later full-year source supersedes the 2025 estimate.
- Href
- https://www.ice.it/it/news/notizie-dal-mondo/294612
- Publisher
- Italian Trade Agency
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Reports Higher Customs Council Decisions 9/2026 and 10/2026: new BEVs fully exempt from customs and internal consumption tax; new hybrids receive 80% exemption; red-track inspection; validity through 9 February 2031. Obtain official Gazette/decision text and HS/VIN ruling before reliance.
- Href
- https://www.ice.it/it/news/notizie-dal-mondo/300210
- Publisher
- L’Orient Today
- Publication Date
- 2024-02-23
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Historical Article 69 of the 2024 Budget: BEV customs/excise exemption and registration/mechanical reductions; later 2026 decisions control current treatment.
- Href
- https://today.lorientlejour.com/article/1369147/lebanese-car-importers-welcome-extension-of-tax-breaks-for-electric-vehicles.html
- Publisher
- Lebanese Customs
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official tariff, statistics, exemptions and vehicle-calculator portal; obtain a written current classification.
- Href
- https://www.customs.gov.lb/
- Publisher
- Lebanese Customs
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official exemptions route; dynamic page accessibility was inconsistent at research time.
- Href
- https://www.customs.gov.lb/exemptions/exemptions.aspx
- Publisher
- Italian Trade Agency
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-21
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- 13,664 car imports versus 11,890 in the first four months of 2024; all powertrains and not registrations or EV stock.
- Href
- https://aziendeaccordi.ice.it/it/news/notizie-dal-mondo/287832
- Publisher
- IPT Group
- Publication Date
- 2024-07-11
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Operator says over 15 chargers were active across multiple venue types. This is one network as of July 2024, not a current national site/connector census.
- Href
- https://www.iptgroup.com.lb/ipt/en/ev-zone-network-app-launching
- Publisher
- INDEVCO Group
- Publication Date
- 2023-02-20
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Earlier plan for 50 stations in phase one and 150 by year-end. Later active-count statement is used instead of this plan.
- Href
- https://news.indevcogroup.com/corporate/phoenix-energy-partners-with-ipt-to-launch-the-first-smart-ev-charging-network-in-lebanon/
- Publisher
- Lebanon Ministry of Environment
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official landing page for Lebanon NDC 3.0.
- Href
- https://www.moe.gov.lb/%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-NDC-3-0.aspx
- Publisher
- Lebanon Ministry of Environment / UNFCCC
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official 2035 targets: 22% unconditional and 33% conditional GHG reduction versus BAU; renewable electricity-demand share 25%/30%. Transport emitted 6,662 Gg CO2e in 2022, 32.5% of total. Draft e-mobility strategy and BAU growth assumptions are not current stock or official vehicle forecasts.
- Href
- https://www.moe.gov.lb/getattachment/ce603dea-5401-4daa-9f5c-0676fe08ba94/LBN-NDC-3-0-30-09-2025-Final_compressed.pdf.aspx?lang=ar-LB
- Publisher
- Lebanon Ministry of Energy and Water
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official electricity and private-generator tariff portal; workshop supply must be site-tested.
- Href
- https://www.energyandwater.gov.lb/
- Publisher
- Lebanon Ministry of Economy and Trade
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-22
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official evidence that private generators remain regulated and material; not a workshop power-quality measurement.
- Href
- https://www.economy.gov.lb/ar/announcements/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8B%D8%A7-%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D9%91%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA
- Publisher
- World Bank
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-07
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- RDNA: US$11bn recovery needs; US$14bn economic cost; 2024 real GDP contraction 7.1%; cumulative GDP decline since 2019 near 40%. South and Nabatiyeh most affected.
- Href
- https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2025/03/07/lebanon-s-recovery-and-reconstruction-needs-estimated-at-us-11-billion
- Publisher
- World Bank
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-19
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Spring 2025 LEM projected 4.7% real GDP growth and 15.2% inflation in 2025, contingent on stabilization; unresolved financial crisis constrains credit and investment.
- Href
- https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2025/06/19/fragile-stabilization-fuels-growth-in-lebanon
- Publisher
- International Monetary Fund
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Current reform context: bank restructuring and comprehensive fiscal framework remain central; this was a staff visit, not an approved Fund arrangement.
- Href
- https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/02/13/pr-26050-lebanon-imf-staff-concludes-visit
- Publisher
- International Monetary Fund
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-05
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Bank restructuring, cash-based economy, limited fiscal space and need for concessional reconstruction support.
- Href
- https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2025/06/05/pr-25182-lebanon-imf-staff-concludes-mission-to-lebanon
- Publisher
- PwC
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Professional summary: 17% CIT; 10% dividend WHT; 8.5% non-resident service WHT and 3.4% other non-resident WHT from Q2 2024. Written Lebanese tax advice controls.
- Href
- https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/lebanon/corporate/taxes-on-corporate-income
- Publisher
- PwC
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Professional summary: standard VAT 11%; 2024 mandatory registration threshold LBP 5bn over one to four consecutive quarters. Confirm invoice currency, payroll and current filing treatment.
- Href
- https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/lebanon/corporate/other-taxes
- Publisher
- PwC
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Professional filing summary; local accountant confirmation required.
- Href
- https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/lebanon/corporate/tax-administration
- Publisher
- IDAL
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-29
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official investment-promotion and permit-assistance route under Investment Law 360.
- Href
- https://investinlebanon.gov.lb/
- Publisher
- IDAL
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- PDC scheme can include tax, dividend, land-registration and permit-fee benefits for qualifying large projects; no benefit is assumed for this pilot without written eligibility.
- Href
- https://investinlebanon.gov.lb/en/doing_business/investment_incentives/incentives_granted_by_idal
- Publisher
- CNSS Lebanon
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official employer/social-security administration route; obtain current contribution ceilings/rates and clearance obligations in writing.
- Href
- https://www.cnss.gov.lb/
- Publisher
- CNSS Lebanon
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official evidence of active employer inspection and undeclared-worker enforcement; not a contribution-rate source.
- Href
- https://www.cnss.gov.lb/2026/02/
- Publisher
- Lebanon Ministry of Public Works and Transport
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official land-use/planning authority; a workshop site requires parcel-specific land-use and municipal confirmation.
- Href
- https://dgu.gov.lb/
- Publisher
- Lebanon Ministry of Environment
- Publication Date
- 2024-05-15
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official circular applies Integrated Solid Waste Management Law 80/2018 and Decree 5606/2019 procedures for hazardous-waste recovery, treatment and disposal facilities.
- Href
- https://www.moe.gov.lb/%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AF-%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86.aspx
- Publisher
- Banque du Liban
- Publication Date
- 2018-10-10
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Official repository lists Law 81/2018 on Electronic Transactions and Personal Data. Counsel must map diagnostic telemetry, VIN/customer data, consent, retention and cross-border processing.
- Href
- https://www.bdl.gov.lb/laws.php
- Publisher
- Elsiyasa
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-05
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Secondary relay of AIA statement citing Traffic Law Article 348 and pre-export inspection documentation. Signed law and customs/registration practice control.
- Href
- https://elsiyasa.com/article/385160
- Publisher
- Elsiyasa
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- AIA says authorized-representative vehicles have manufacturer warranty, genuine parts, battery support and recall/software monitoring. Treat as industry position; contract and law control.
- Href
- https://elsiyasa.com/article/385345/AIA%2BCalls%2Bfor%2BConsumer%2BProtection%2Bin%2BLebanon%2Bthrough%2Bthe%2BEnforcement%2Bof%2BArticle%2B44%2Bof%2BLaw%2BNo.%2B659
- Publisher
- Maqina
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-12
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Exhibitors included Arcfox, Audi, BAIC, BMW, Cadillac, Chevrolet, Fiat, Lexus, Maserati, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Smart, Toyota, Voyah, Xpeng and Zeekr. Presence is not sales rank or active stock.
- Href
- https://www.maqina.me/post/beirut-hosts-the-third-edition-of-the-e-motorshow-middle-east-for-electric-hybrid-cars
- Publisher
- International Organization for Standardization
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- International benchmark; Lebanese adoption/edition and legal status not established.
- Href
- https://www.iso.org/standard/45477.html
- Publisher
- International Organization for Standardization
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- International benchmark; local electrical approvals control.
- Href
- https://www.iso.org/standard/68474.html
- Publisher
- International Electrotechnical Commission
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- International EVSE benchmark; not proof of Lebanese adoption.
- Href
- https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/33644
- Publisher
- UNECE
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- International electric-powertrain safety reference; homologation applicability must be confirmed.
- Href
- https://unece.org/transport/documents/2022/03/standards/un-regulation-no-100-rev3
- Publisher
- UNECE
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- UN 38.3 transport evidence route for lithium batteries; carrier and authority rules also control.
- Href
- https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/rev8-files
- Publisher
- International Labour Organization
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Management-system benchmark; Lebanese law, insurer and emergency services control.
- Href
- https://www.ilo.org/resource/other/guidelines-occupational-safety-and-health-management-systems-ilo-osh-2001
- Publisher
- Basel Convention Secretariat
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- International hazardous-waste movement framework; competent-authority decisions and approved recipient required.
- Href
- https://www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview/TextoftheConvention/tabid/1275/Default.aspx
- Publisher
- EVS Research
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-11
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- Table aggregates individually linked records.
- Href
- https://blog.blominvestbank.com/cumulative-lebanese-cars-market-expanded-by-62-64-yoy-by-december-2025/
- Publisher
- EVS Worldwide
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-11
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Scope
- All explicitly labelled assumptions, thresholds, sensitivities and calculations are EVS decision inputs, not sourced market facts.
- Href
- https://www.evsworldwide.com/
Source: Multiple linked sources
Validation register
Evidence, assumptions and operational implications are separated below.
Validation register
| Check | Status | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| JSON / UTF-8 | Pass | Generated and reparsed. |
| Schema | Pass | Required roots, blocks, datasets, calculations and source registry present. |
| Calculations | Pass | Monthly plug-in shares, forecast sensitivities, gate SAM and annual/90-day economics recomputed. |
| Definition control | Pass | New-car flows, HEVs, plug-ins, active stock, port imports, exhibitors, charger plans and commissioned EVSE remain separate. |
| Branding | Pass | EVS Green #5BCC12, Silver #A7B3BB, black/charcoal, white/light grey and Inter; no blue. |
| Decision | Pass | Current plug-in TAM null, national connector census null, executable SOM zero and hard gates explicit. |
- Status
- Pass
- Detail
- Generated and reparsed.
- Status
- Pass
- Detail
- Required roots, blocks, datasets, calculations and source registry present.
- Status
- Pass
- Detail
- Monthly plug-in shares, forecast sensitivities, gate SAM and annual/90-day economics recomputed.
- Status
- Pass
- Detail
- New-car flows, HEVs, plug-ins, active stock, port imports, exhibitors, charger plans and commissioned EVSE remain separate.
- Status
- Pass
- Detail
- EVS Green #5BCC12, Silver #A7B3BB, black/charcoal, white/light grey and Inter; no blue.
- Status
- Pass
- Detail
- Current plug-in TAM null, national connector census null, executable SOM zero and hard gates explicit.
Source: EVS Lebanon decision model
EVS Board Position
CONDITIONAL GO only for an evidence-gated Greater Beirut/Mount Lebanon partner clinic; NO-GO standalone/franchise; DEFER regional fixed capex; HOLD traction-pack work.
Source register
47 primary and derived sources
ShowHide
Source register
47 primary and derived sources
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