Fiji
EVS Fiji EV Service Centre Market Entry
Decision-grade market-entry report for an EVS service-centre model in Fiji.
No audited active passenger/LCV plug-in stock.
No authoritative operational public charging count.
EVS gate annual jobs; not market estimate.
Base simple payback on reversible capex.
The verdict in full
Standalone/franchise is no-go. A reversible Greater Suva–Nausori partner clinic is conditional on hard evidence gates.
Decision dashboard
Unknown stock and charging denominators are null, never estimated.
Decision dashboard
| Metric | Value | Unit | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 all-powertrain new registrations | 10,579 | vehicles | Official denominator without propulsion split | Fiji Bureau of Statistics [stats_transport]. |
| Active passenger/LCV BEV stock | — | vehicles | Not located in an authoritative extract | Request LTA matched active extract [lta_act][lta_eservices]. |
| Active passenger/LCV PHEV stock | — | vehicles | Not located in an authoritative extract | Request LTA matched active extract [lta_act][lta_eservices]. |
| Operational public charging points/connectors | — | assets | No current national census located | 2022 announcement is historical [gov_leaf]. |
| Current standard VAT | 12.5 | % | Effective 1 August 2025 | FRCS [frcs_vat]. |
| Executable SOM | 0 | jobs/year | Hard control | EVS [evs_model]. |
- Value
- 10,579
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- Official denominator without propulsion split
- Source
- Fiji Bureau of Statistics [stats_transport].
- Value
- —
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- Not located in an authoritative extract
- Source
- Request LTA matched active extract [lta_act][lta_eservices].
- Value
- —
- Unit
- vehicles
- Status
- Not located in an authoritative extract
- Source
- Request LTA matched active extract [lta_act][lta_eservices].
- Value
- —
- Unit
- assets
- Status
- No current national census located
- Source
- 2022 announcement is historical [gov_leaf].
- Value
- 12.5
- Unit
- %
- Status
- Effective 1 August 2025
- Source
- FRCS [frcs_vat].
- Value
- 0
- Unit
- jobs/year
- Status
- Hard control
- Source
- EVS [evs_model].
Market size
Official all-powertrain registrations frame automotive activity but cannot size plug-ins.
Market size
| Measure | Value | Period | Unit | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newly registered vehicles | 13,274 | 2015 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 15,172 | 2016 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 13,198 | 2017 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 14,371 | 2018 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 11,293 | 2019 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 6,485 | 2020 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 8,993 | 2021 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 9,677 | 2022 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
| Newly registered vehicles | 10,579 | 2023 | vehicles | All powertrains [stats_transport]. |
- Value
- 13,274
- Period
- 2015
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 15,172
- Period
- 2016
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 13,198
- Period
- 2017
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 14,371
- Period
- 2018
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 11,293
- Period
- 2019
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 6,485
- Period
- 2020
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 8,993
- Period
- 2021
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 9,677
- Period
- 2022
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
- Value
- 10,579
- Period
- 2023
- Unit
- vehicles
- Definition
- All powertrains [stats_transport].
2023 vehicle registration mix
Class mix is an official denominator, not a propulsion breakdown.
2023 vehicle registration mix
| Class | Registrations | Share Pct |
|---|---|---|
| Private cars | 7,119 | 67.29 |
| Taxi | 293 | 2.77 |
| Rental/hire | 460 | 4.35 |
| Goods | 1,987 | 18.78 |
| Buses | 73 | 0.69 |
| Government | 538 | 5.09 |
| Carriers | 52 | 0.49 |
| Other | 57 | 0.54 |
- Registrations
- 7,119
- Share Pct
- 67.29
- Registrations
- 293
- Share Pct
- 2.77
- Registrations
- 460
- Share Pct
- 4.35
- Registrations
- 1,987
- Share Pct
- 18.78
- Registrations
- 73
- Share Pct
- 0.69
- Registrations
- 538
- Share Pct
- 5.09
- Registrations
- 52
- Share Pct
- 0.49
- Registrations
- 57
- Share Pct
- 0.54
BEV/PHEV adoption history
The observed history is infrastructure-, fleet- and offer-led; comparable propulsion series is unavailable.
BEV/PHEV adoption history
| Period | Event | Quantity | Meaning | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015–2023 | Official new-registration series published only by vehicle class in the extract. | — | No BEV/PHEV shares can be calculated [stats_transport]. | — |
| Nov 2022 | Government-hosted Leaf Capital launch reported two charger sites set up and three under construction. | 2 | Historical commissioning signal, not current census [gov_leaf]. | sites set up |
| Jul–Aug 2023 | Fiji Chemicals commercial case study reported a Nissan Leaf trial. | 1 | One case, not market stock [switch_case]. | vehicle |
| 2024 | Industry reporting described Fiji Airports fleet expansion. | 22 | Current fleet/VIN status must be verified [fiji_airports][airport_masterplan]. | EVs reported |
| 2026 website snapshot | BYD Fiji lists BEV and PHEV models with three-city footprint. | 7 | Offer visibility, not deliveries or registrations [byd_fiji]. | model lines displayed |
- Event
- Official new-registration series published only by vehicle class in the extract.
- Quantity
- —
- Meaning
- No BEV/PHEV shares can be calculated [stats_transport].
- Unit
- —
- Event
- Government-hosted Leaf Capital launch reported two charger sites set up and three under construction.
- Quantity
- 2
- Meaning
- Historical commissioning signal, not current census [gov_leaf].
- Unit
- sites set up
- Event
- Fiji Chemicals commercial case study reported a Nissan Leaf trial.
- Quantity
- 1
- Meaning
- One case, not market stock [switch_case].
- Unit
- vehicle
- Event
- Industry reporting described Fiji Airports fleet expansion.
- Quantity
- 22
- Meaning
- Current fleet/VIN status must be verified [fiji_airports][airport_masterplan].
- Unit
- EVs reported
- Event
- BYD Fiji lists BEV and PHEV models with three-city footprint.
- Quantity
- 7
- Meaning
- Offer visibility, not deliveries or registrations [byd_fiji].
- Unit
- model lines displayed
Definition reconciliation
Vehicles, powertrains, registry status, announcements and charging assets remain separate.
Definition reconciliation
| Term | Definition | Included In Tam | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| BEV | Vehicle propelled only by traction battery/motor. | true | Separate from HEV and PHEV. |
| PHEV | Externally chargeable vehicle with combustion engine. | true | Separate from BEV and non-plug-in HEV. |
| Hybrid/HEV | Not externally chargeable. | false | Exclude from plug-in TAM/SAM/SOM. |
| Registered vehicle | Registry record universe; may include inactive/duplicate/unclear-use records. | false | Require active flag, class, location, VIN and deduplication. |
| Charging site | Location containing one or more chargers. | false | Do not mix site, station, charger, port/connector and live asset. |
| Model listing/fleet announcement | Commercial or institutional signal. | false | Do not convert to registrations or service demand. |
- Definition
- Vehicle propelled only by traction battery/motor.
- Included In Tam
- true
- Control
- Separate from HEV and PHEV.
- Definition
- Externally chargeable vehicle with combustion engine.
- Included In Tam
- true
- Control
- Separate from BEV and non-plug-in HEV.
- Definition
- Not externally chargeable.
- Included In Tam
- false
- Control
- Exclude from plug-in TAM/SAM/SOM.
- Definition
- Registry record universe; may include inactive/duplicate/unclear-use records.
- Included In Tam
- false
- Control
- Require active flag, class, location, VIN and deduplication.
- Definition
- Location containing one or more chargers.
- Included In Tam
- false
- Control
- Do not mix site, station, charger, port/connector and live asset.
- Definition
- Commercial or institutional signal.
- Included In Tam
- false
- Control
- Do not convert to registrations or service demand.
2030 scenarios
EVS share sensitivities applied to the 2023 registration denominator; not official forecasts.
2030 scenarios
| Scenario | Plug In Share Pct | Modelled 2030 Annual Plug In Registrations | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 5 | 529 | EVS sensitivity: assumed 2030 plug-in share × Fiji Bureau of Statistics 2023 all-powertrain new registrations (10,579). Total registrations are held flat solely to isolate share sensitivity; this is not an official forecast. |
| Base | 15 | 1,587 | EVS sensitivity: assumed 2030 plug-in share × Fiji Bureau of Statistics 2023 all-powertrain new registrations (10,579). Total registrations are held flat solely to isolate share sensitivity; this is not an official forecast. |
| High | 35 | 3,703 | EVS sensitivity: assumed 2030 plug-in share × Fiji Bureau of Statistics 2023 all-powertrain new registrations (10,579). Total registrations are held flat solely to isolate share sensitivity; this is not an official forecast. |
- Plug In Share Pct
- 5
- Modelled 2030 Annual Plug In Registrations
- 529
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity: assumed 2030 plug-in share × Fiji Bureau of Statistics 2023 all-powertrain new registrations (10,579). Total registrations are held flat solely to isolate share sensitivity; this is not an official forecast.
- Plug In Share Pct
- 15
- Modelled 2030 Annual Plug In Registrations
- 1,587
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity: assumed 2030 plug-in share × Fiji Bureau of Statistics 2023 all-powertrain new registrations (10,579). Total registrations are held flat solely to isolate share sensitivity; this is not an official forecast.
- Plug In Share Pct
- 35
- Modelled 2030 Annual Plug In Registrations
- 3,703
- Basis
- EVS sensitivity: assumed 2030 plug-in share × Fiji Bureau of Statistics 2023 all-powertrain new registrations (10,579). Total registrations are held flat solely to isolate share sensitivity; this is not an official forecast.
Charging infrastructure
No authoritative current national live-asset inventory was located.
Charging infrastructure
| Evidence | Status | Locations | Decision Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Two sites set up in 2022 | Historical official-hosted announcement | Kundan Singh and Mana Coffee | Inspect/verify live connector, power, access, tariff and uptime [gov_leaf]. |
| Three sites under construction in 2022 | Historical announcement | Maui Bay, RB Patel Jet Point, South Pacific Coffee | Do not count without commissioning evidence [gov_leaf]. |
| About ten chargers projected as sufficient | Company projection in government article | Suva–Nadi corridor | Not a current inventory or planning standard [gov_leaf]. |
| National live charger census | Not located | Unknown | Request site/connector/power/access/tariff/uptime register. |
- Status
- Historical official-hosted announcement
- Locations
- Kundan Singh and Mana Coffee
- Decision Use
- Inspect/verify live connector, power, access, tariff and uptime [gov_leaf].
- Status
- Historical announcement
- Locations
- Maui Bay, RB Patel Jet Point, South Pacific Coffee
- Decision Use
- Do not count without commissioning evidence [gov_leaf].
- Status
- Company projection in government article
- Locations
- Suva–Nadi corridor
- Decision Use
- Not a current inventory or planning standard [gov_leaf].
- Status
- Not located
- Locations
- Unknown
- Decision Use
- Request site/connector/power/access/tariff/uptime register.
Electricity and grid
Policy ambition does not substitute for candidate-site engineering evidence.
Electricity and grid
| Topic | Fact | Decision Use |
|---|---|---|
| Policy ambition | NEP-linked consultation material supports renewable electricity and transport decarbonisation. | Direction only; draft document is not current mix [energy_plan]. |
- Fact
- NEP-linked consultation material supports renewable electricity and transport decarbonisation.
- Decision Use
- Direction only; draft document is not current mix [energy_plan].
Parc age and service demand
Conflicting fleet universes are context only; plug-in age and failures are unknown.
Parc age and service demand
| Evidence | Value | Confidence | Decision Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Secondary end-2024 fleet report | >150,000 vehicles; 69% light/31% heavy | Low–medium | Context only; conflicts with later 240,000 figure [fleet_150k]. |
| Secondary later-2025 registry report | ~240,000 registered vehicles | Low–medium | Do not establish active plug-in TAM [fleet_240k]. |
| Older heavy-vehicle signal | 6,690 vans, 2,049 trucks and 404 buses over 20 years reported | Medium for quoted source only | Supports general inspection/ageing context, not plug-in failure demand [fleet_150k]. |
| Plug-in age/odometer/chemistry/warranty distribution | — | Unavailable | Obtain VIN-level registration and fleet/dealer extracts. |
- Value
- >150,000 vehicles; 69% light/31% heavy
- Confidence
- Low–medium
- Decision Use
- Context only; conflicts with later 240,000 figure [fleet_150k].
- Value
- ~240,000 registered vehicles
- Confidence
- Low–medium
- Decision Use
- Do not establish active plug-in TAM [fleet_240k].
- Value
- 6,690 vans, 2,049 trucks and 404 buses over 20 years reported
- Confidence
- Medium for quoted source only
- Decision Use
- Supports general inspection/ageing context, not plug-in failure demand [fleet_150k].
- Value
- —
- Confidence
- Unavailable
- Decision Use
- Obtain VIN-level registration and fleet/dealer extracts.
TAM / SAM / SOM
Current TAM is unquantified and executable SOM is zero.
TAM / SAM / SOM
| Layer | Value | Unit | Basis | Classification |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAM | — | active passenger/LCV BEV/PHEV | Authoritative active plug-in stock unavailable. | Unquantified—not zero. |
| Launch pool threshold | 400 | matched active plug-ins | EVS Greater Suva–Nausori data gate. | Decision threshold—not market estimate. |
| Gate active pool | 368 | vehicles | 400 × 92% active factor. | EVS assumption. |
- Value
- —
- Unit
- active passenger/LCV BEV/PHEV
- Basis
- Authoritative active plug-in stock unavailable.
- Classification
- Unquantified—not zero.
- Value
- 400
- Unit
- matched active plug-ins
- Basis
- EVS Greater Suva–Nausori data gate.
- Classification
- Decision threshold—not market estimate.
- Value
- 368
- Unit
- vehicles
- Basis
- 400 × 92% active factor.
- Classification
- EVS assumption.
Customer segments
Paid evidence takes precedence over interest.
Customer segments
| Priority | Segment | Need | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Airport, corporate and government fleets | Uptime, battery health, documented safety, predictable SLAs | Paid trial/LOI and VIN file. |
| 2 | Ride-hail, taxi, rental and hospitality fleets | Utilisation, charging and rapid triage | Paid inspections and downtime history. |
| 3 | Private used-import BEV owners | Battery health, charging diagnosis, pre-purchase and parts | Deposits and supported VIN demand. |
| 4 | New-car BEV/PHEV owners out of scope/warranty | Independent transparent diagnosis | Written OEM/warranty boundary. |
- Segment
- Airport, corporate and government fleets
- Need
- Uptime, battery health, documented safety, predictable SLAs
- Proof
- Paid trial/LOI and VIN file.
- Segment
- Ride-hail, taxi, rental and hospitality fleets
- Need
- Utilisation, charging and rapid triage
- Proof
- Paid inspections and downtime history.
- Segment
- Private used-import BEV owners
- Need
- Battery health, charging diagnosis, pre-purchase and parts
- Proof
- Deposits and supported VIN demand.
- Segment
- New-car BEV/PHEV owners out of scope/warranty
- Need
- Independent transparent diagnosis
- Proof
- Written OEM/warranty boundary.
Fleet segments
Institutional and commercial fleets are validation targets, not assumed revenue.
Fleet segments
| Segment | Signal | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Fiji Airports | 22-EV fleet reported in 2024; another source says first lot of 14. | Verify current VINs, brands, utilisation, warranty/service and procurement route [fiji_airports][airport_masterplan]. |
| Fiji Chemicals | One Leaf case study in 2023. | Interview for battery degradation, charging and maintenance history [switch_case]. |
| Taxi/rental/hire | 753 new all-powertrain registrations in 2023. | Do not infer plug-ins; obtain propulsion/VIN and paid need [stats_transport]. |
| Government fleets | 538 all-powertrain new registrations in 2023. | Procurement and service pilot route; propulsion mix unknown [stats_transport]. |
- Signal
- 22-EV fleet reported in 2024; another source says first lot of 14.
- Action
- Verify current VINs, brands, utilisation, warranty/service and procurement route [fiji_airports][airport_masterplan].
- Signal
- One Leaf case study in 2023.
- Action
- Interview for battery degradation, charging and maintenance history [switch_case].
- Signal
- 753 new all-powertrain registrations in 2023.
- Action
- Do not infer plug-ins; obtain propulsion/VIN and paid need [stats_transport].
- Signal
- 538 all-powertrain new registrations in 2023.
- Action
- Procurement and service pilot route; propulsion mix unknown [stats_transport].
Leading brands and models
Availability signals are not market-share rankings.
Leading brands and models
| Brand | Models | Evidence | Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|
| BYD | Atto 3, Dolphin, M6, Seal, Sealion 7 (BEV); Shark 6 and Sealion 6 (PHEV) | Current official Fiji site listing | Availability signal only; no sales rank [byd_fiji]. |
| Nissan | Leaf | Commercial Fiji case study | Observed use case; no stock rank [switch_case]. |
| Volkswagen/BYD (reported) | Fleet vehicles | Conflicting secondary/industry descriptions of Fiji Airports fleet | Verify VINs; no ranking [fiji_airports][airport_masterplan]. |
| MG / Volkswagen / GWM | Dealer portfolio | Palas brand portfolio | EV variants and volumes require dealer confirmation [palas]. |
- Models
- Atto 3, Dolphin, M6, Seal, Sealion 7 (BEV); Shark 6 and Sealion 6 (PHEV)
- Evidence
- Current official Fiji site listing
- Ranking
- Availability signal only; no sales rank [byd_fiji].
- Models
- Leaf
- Evidence
- Commercial Fiji case study
- Ranking
- Observed use case; no stock rank [switch_case].
- Models
- Fleet vehicles
- Evidence
- Conflicting secondary/industry descriptions of Fiji Airports fleet
- Ranking
- Verify VINs; no ranking [fiji_airports][airport_masterplan].
- Models
- Dealer portfolio
- Evidence
- Palas brand portfolio
- Ranking
- EV variants and volumes require dealer confirmation [palas].
OEM and dealer competitors
Established networks make partnership/referral diligence essential.
OEM and dealer competitors
| Competitor | Footprint | Strength | Gap To Verify |
|---|---|---|---|
| BYD Fiji / Palas | Suva, Nadi, Lautoka | Current plug-in model range and dealer infrastructure | HV bays, tooling, technician credentials, warranty and parts SLA [byd_fiji][palas]. |
| Asco Motors / Toyota Fiji | Suva, Nadi, Lautoka, Ba, Labasa | Large incumbent parts/service network | Plug-in scope, independent work and HV capability [asco]. |
- Footprint
- Suva, Nadi, Lautoka
- Strength
- Current plug-in model range and dealer infrastructure
- Gap To Verify
- HV bays, tooling, technician credentials, warranty and parts SLA [byd_fiji][palas].
- Footprint
- Suva, Nadi, Lautoka, Ba, Labasa
- Strength
- Large incumbent parts/service network
- Gap To Verify
- Plug-in scope, independent work and HV capability [asco].
Independent competitors
EV/HV capability requires field audit.
Independent competitors
| Type | Evidence | Response |
|---|---|---|
| General independent garages | No authoritative EV/HV-capability register located | Field-audit tools, insulated area, scan access, rescue plan and referrals. |
| Charging/dealer ecosystem | Leaf/SWITCH and Palas/BYD commercial presence | Seek referral/overflow and fleet partnerships before head-to-head entry. |
- Evidence
- No authoritative EV/HV-capability register located
- Response
- Field-audit tools, insulated area, scan access, rescue plan and referrals.
- Evidence
- Leaf/SWITCH and Palas/BYD commercial presence
- Response
- Seek referral/overflow and fleet partnerships before head-to-head entry.
Priority cities and regions
Greater Suva is the fixed-pilot candidate; Nadi/Lautoka follows by mobile validation.
Priority cities and regions
| Rank | Region | Score | Rationale | Entry |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Greater Suva–Nasinu–Nausori | 88 | Largest business concentration; historic charging and dealer presence. | Managed partner bay. |
- Region
- Greater Suva–Nasinu–Nausori
- Score
- 88
- Rationale
- Largest business concentration; historic charging and dealer presence.
- Entry
- Managed partner bay.
Business geography
Official business distribution supports sequencing, not EV density.
Business geography
| Region | Share Pct |
|---|---|
| Suva/Nasinu/Lami/Navua | 41 |
- Share Pct
- 41
Consumer incentives
Current FRCS EV import treatment is separated from historical measures.
Consumer incentives
| Measure | Current Treatment | Status | Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| EV import fiscal duty | Free | Current FRCS FAQ | Obtain tariff ruling for exact HS code/vehicle [frcs_customs_faq]. |
| EV import excise | Free | Current FRCS FAQ | Confirm vehicle and import conditions [frcs_customs_faq]. |
- Current Treatment
- Free
- Status
- Current FRCS FAQ
- Control
- Obtain tariff ruling for exact HS code/vehicle [frcs_customs_faq].
- Current Treatment
- Free
- Status
- Current FRCS FAQ
- Control
- Confirm vehicle and import conditions [frcs_customs_faq].
Business and investment incentives
No unawarded or unverified benefit enters economics.
Business and investment incentives
| Item | Status | Model Treatment |
|---|---|---|
| General workshop/service-centre incentive | No specifically awarded benefit identified | None. |
| Foreign investor threshold | Investment Fiji summary references FJ$300,000 and registration/TIN duties | Legal structuring gate [investment]. |
- Status
- No specifically awarded benefit identified
- Model Treatment
- None.
- Status
- Investment Fiji summary references FJ$300,000 and registration/TIN duties
- Model Treatment
- Legal structuring gate [investment].
Tax and payroll snapshot
Current official planning inputs; obtain written advice.
Tax and payroll snapshot
| Tax | Rate | Status |
|---|---|---|
| VAT—ordinary taxable service/parts | 12.5% | Current from 1 Aug 2025 [frcs_vat]. |
| Qualifying EV at import | 0% VAT; free fiscal duty/import excise | FRCS FAQ; exact classification/ruling required [frcs_customs_faq]. |
- Rate
- 12.5%
- Status
- Current from 1 Aug 2025 [frcs_vat].
- Rate
- 0% VAT; free fiscal duty/import excise
- Status
- FRCS FAQ; exact classification/ruling required [frcs_customs_faq].
Entity, licensing and premises
Written determinations precede lease/equipment commitments.
Entity, licensing and premises
| Area | Requirement | Gate Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Entity and tax | ROC registration, TIN, VAT/payroll as applicable; foreign-investor requirements. | Certificates and adviser memo [businessnow][investment]. |
| Workplace and fire | OHS inspection and structural fire safety; site/activity-specific approvals. | Current certificates [business_compliance]. |
- Requirement
- ROC registration, TIN, VAT/payroll as applicable; foreign-investor requirements.
- Gate Evidence
- Certificates and adviser memo [businessnow][investment].
- Requirement
- OHS inspection and structural fire safety; site/activity-specific approvals.
- Gate Evidence
- Current certificates [business_compliance].
Labour and competence
Local electrical/OHS compliance and traction-HV competence are distinct.
Labour and competence
| Role | Minimum | Launch Count |
|---|---|---|
| Country technical lead | OEM-independent diagnostic governance, QA, supported-VIN matrix and audit. | 1 |
| EV technician | Assessed task-specific traction-HV isolation, verification, rescue and first response. | 2 |
- Minimum
- OEM-independent diagnostic governance, QA, supported-VIN matrix and audit.
- Launch Count
- 1
- Minimum
- Assessed task-specific traction-HV isolation, verification, rescue and first response.
- Launch Count
- 2
High-voltage safety
Manufacturer procedures, local law and insurer controls apply.
High-voltage safety
| Control | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Supported scope | VIN/model/task matrix, manuals, scan/tool/software proof and stop-work triggers. |
| Isolation | Identify, shut down, lock/tag, prove-dead, discharge wait and independent verification. |
| Work zone/PPE | Restricted bay, rated tools/PPE, signage, insulated recovery equipment and daily checks. |
| Emergency | NFA/insurer-reviewed plan, rescue drill, thermal-event isolation and emergency access. |
| Competence | Task-based assessment; OHS/electrical licences do not by themselves prove traction-HV competence [ohs_training][electricity_reg]. |
- Requirement
- VIN/model/task matrix, manuals, scan/tool/software proof and stop-work triggers.
- Requirement
- Identify, shut down, lock/tag, prove-dead, discharge wait and independent verification.
- Requirement
- Restricted bay, rated tools/PPE, signage, insulated recovery equipment and daily checks.
- Requirement
- NFA/insurer-reviewed plan, rescue drill, thermal-event isolation and emergency access.
- Requirement
- Task-based assessment; OHS/electrical licences do not by themselves prove traction-HV competence [ohs_training][electricity_reg].
Battery, waste and transport
Traction-pack work remains held.
Battery, waste and transport
| Activity | Launch | Evidence |
|---|---|---|
| 12V battery handling | Allowed with approved supplier/recycler route | Contracts, manifests and spill controls. |
| Traction-pack external inspection / non-invasive health report | Conditional | OEM procedure, insurer scope, isolation and no custody of damaged pack. |
- Launch
- Allowed with approved supplier/recycler route
- Evidence
- Contracts, manifests and spill controls.
- Launch
- Conditional
- Evidence
- OEM procedure, insurer scope, isolation and no custody of damaged pack.
Data, consumer and warranty
Independent status, estimates, scope and custody controls are explicit.
Data, consumer and warranty
| Control | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Estimate and authorization | Written scope, price range, diagnostic limits and change approval [consumer_service]. |
| Independent/OEM status | No implied OEM authorization; disclose warranty effects and software/data limitations. |
| Parts and warranty | Provenance, condition, lead time, manufacturer warranty and EVS workmanship warranty [consumer_parts][consumer_goods]. |
| Vehicle/data custody | Consent, least-privilege diagnostics, secure credentials/logs and deletion schedule. |
| Complaints | Documented escalation, evidence retention and Consumer Council/FCCC access. |
- Requirement
- Written scope, price range, diagnostic limits and change approval [consumer_service].
- Requirement
- No implied OEM authorization; disclose warranty effects and software/data limitations.
- Requirement
- Provenance, condition, lead time, manufacturer warranty and EVS workmanship warranty [consumer_parts][consumer_goods].
- Requirement
- Consent, least-privilege diagnostics, secure credentials/logs and deletion schedule.
- Requirement
- Documented escalation, evidence retention and Consumer Council/FCCC access.
Recommended service portfolio
Launch with low-complexity, evidence-rich services.
Recommended service portfolio
| Phase | Service | Boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Launch | Pre-purchase / fleet condition and battery-health reports | Non-invasive; supported models only. |
| Launch | 12V, tyres, brakes, suspension, steering, cabin/thermal and safety checks | Exclude unsupported ADAS calibration and pack work. |
| Launch | Charging-fault triage and EVSE/site handoff | Licensed contractor performs fixed electrical work. |
| Launch | Scan, software-state capture, fault triage and OEM/referral routing | No coding/flash without rights, tools, stable power and backup. |
| Stage 2 | Cooling-loop, insulation and contactor diagnostics | Only after model/task competence and insurer approval. |
| Hold | Pack opening, module repair, damaged-pack custody | Prohibited until written safety/waste route. |
- Service
- Pre-purchase / fleet condition and battery-health reports
- Boundary
- Non-invasive; supported models only.
- Service
- 12V, tyres, brakes, suspension, steering, cabin/thermal and safety checks
- Boundary
- Exclude unsupported ADAS calibration and pack work.
- Service
- Charging-fault triage and EVSE/site handoff
- Boundary
- Licensed contractor performs fixed electrical work.
- Service
- Scan, software-state capture, fault triage and OEM/referral routing
- Boundary
- No coding/flash without rights, tools, stable power and backup.
- Service
- Cooling-loop, insulation and contactor diagnostics
- Boundary
- Only after model/task competence and insurer approval.
- Service
- Pack opening, module repair, damaged-pack custody
- Boundary
- Prohibited until written safety/waste route.
Operating model
A managed partner bay preserves reversibility.
Operating model
| Element | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Format | EVS-managed bay inside an established Greater Suva workshop; 6-month licence, no long lease. |
| Capital | Cap irreversible setup at FJ$120,000; rent tools where possible; no pack inventory. |
| Commercial | Fleet-first SLAs, inspection days, deposits, referral network and transparent menu. |
| Geography | Suva base; Nadi/Lautoka mobile days only after local paid demand. |
| Governance | Weekly KPI/safety review, monthly gate review and automatic stop-work triggers. |
- Recommendation
- EVS-managed bay inside an established Greater Suva workshop; 6-month licence, no long lease.
- Recommendation
- Cap irreversible setup at FJ$120,000; rent tools where possible; no pack inventory.
- Recommendation
- Fleet-first SLAs, inspection days, deposits, referral network and transparent menu.
- Recommendation
- Suva base; Nadi/Lautoka mobile days only after local paid demand.
- Recommendation
- Weekly KPI/safety review, monthly gate review and automatic stop-work triggers.
Franchise model
Standalone rollout is deferred.
Franchise model
| Stage | Model | Rights | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0–6 months | Managed pilot | EVS procedures, brand, tools and QA; partner provides compliant bay. | ≤FJ$120,000 irreversible. |
| 6–18 months | Licensed partner cell | Renew only on data, demand, safety, quality and margin gates. | Incremental, evidence-led. |
| 18+ months | Potential franchise | Only after audited multi-period demand and ≤3-year base payback. | Board approval. |
- Model
- Managed pilot
- Rights
- EVS procedures, brand, tools and QA; partner provides compliant bay.
- Capital
- ≤FJ$120,000 irreversible.
- Model
- Licensed partner cell
- Rights
- Renew only on data, demand, safety, quality and margin gates.
- Capital
- Incremental, evidence-led.
- Model
- Potential franchise
- Rights
- Only after audited multi-period demand and ≤3-year base payback.
- Capital
- Board approval.
Annual pilot economics
EVS sensitivities in nominal FJD, VAT-exclusive and pre-tax.
Annual pilot economics
| Scenario | Jobs | Aro Fjd | Gross Margin Pct | Opex Fjd | Revenue Fjd | Gross Profit Fjd | Ebitda Fjd | Payback Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 90 | 450 | 55 | 45,000 | 40,500 | 22,275 | -22,725 | — |
- Jobs
- 90
- Aro Fjd
- 450
- Gross Margin Pct
- 55
- Opex Fjd
- 45,000
- Revenue Fjd
- 40,500
- Gross Profit Fjd
- 22,275
- Ebitda Fjd
- -22,725
- Payback Years
- —
90-day pilot economics
Continuation requires the base gate.
90-day pilot economics
| Scenario | Jobs 90d | Aro Fjd | Gross Margin Pct | Opex Fjd | Revenue Fjd | Gross Profit Fjd | Ebitda Fjd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cautious | 20 | 450 | 55 | 12,000 | 9,000 | 4,950 | -7,050 |
- Jobs 90d
- 20
- Aro Fjd
- 450
- Gross Margin Pct
- 55
- Opex Fjd
- 12,000
- Revenue Fjd
- 9,000
- Gross Profit Fjd
- 4,950
- Ebitda Fjd
- -7,050
Risks
Denominator, charging, safety, climate, skills and economics drive the decision.
Risks
| Risk | Likelihood | Impact | Mitigation |
|---|---|---|---|
| No authoritative plug-in denominator | High | Critical | Matched active LTA VIN/class/location extract; executable SOM zero. |
| Current charger inventory unknown | High | High | Commissioned-asset field census and uptime log. |
| Incentives assumed current | Medium | High | Use only current FRCS FAQ; exclude 2022 business measures. |
| OEM/dealer capability and warranty overlap | High | High | Supported-task matrix and written referral/warranty boundaries. |
| Cyclone, flood, corrosion and grid interruption | Medium | High | Site hazard review, elevated storage, outage log, surge/backup and BCP. |
| Pack fire/waste route | Medium | Critical | Hold pack work until written approvals and drill. |
| Small addressable pool / weak payback | High | High | Partner bay, deposits, fleet LOI and capex cap. |
| Skills scarcity | High | High | Two assessed technicians, train-the-trainer and remote QA. |
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- Critical
- Mitigation
- Matched active LTA VIN/class/location extract; executable SOM zero.
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Commissioned-asset field census and uptime log.
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Use only current FRCS FAQ; exclude 2022 business measures.
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Supported-task matrix and written referral/warranty boundaries.
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Site hazard review, elevated storage, outage log, surge/backup and BCP.
- Likelihood
- Medium
- Impact
- Critical
- Mitigation
- Hold pack work until written approvals and drill.
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Partner bay, deposits, fleet LOI and capex cap.
- Likelihood
- High
- Impact
- High
- Mitigation
- Two assessed technicians, train-the-trainer and remote QA.
Mitigations
Controls are documentary and auditable.
Mitigations
| Control | Action | Owner | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Denominator | Match active VIN, propulsion, class, location, first-registration date, status and owner type; deduplicate. | Country lead | Signed data memo. |
| Paid demand | 30 paid/refundable bookings plus one paid trial or binding LOI covering ≥15 plug-ins. | Commercial lead | Receipts/contracts. |
| Capability | Two assessed technicians, supported-task matrix, live-work prohibition and rescue drill. | Technical lead | Assessment/drill records. |
| Compliance | Entity/tax/labour, site/fire/OHS, LTA, electrical, waste, consumer/data and insurer pack. | Legal/operations | Written approvals. |
| Capital | Cap irreversible spend at FJ$120,000; no traction-pack inventory. | Board | Approved purchase ledger. |
- Action
- Match active VIN, propulsion, class, location, first-registration date, status and owner type; deduplicate.
- Owner
- Country lead
- Evidence
- Signed data memo.
- Action
- 30 paid/refundable bookings plus one paid trial or binding LOI covering ≥15 plug-ins.
- Owner
- Commercial lead
- Evidence
- Receipts/contracts.
- Action
- Two assessed technicians, supported-task matrix, live-work prohibition and rescue drill.
- Owner
- Technical lead
- Evidence
- Assessment/drill records.
- Action
- Entity/tax/labour, site/fire/OHS, LTA, electrical, waste, consumer/data and insurer pack.
- Owner
- Legal/operations
- Evidence
- Written approvals.
- Action
- Cap irreversible spend at FJ$120,000; no traction-pack inventory.
- Owner
- Board
- Evidence
- Approved purchase ledger.
90-day entry plan
No irreversible commitment before gate review.
90-day entry plan
| Days | Objective | Deliverables |
|---|---|---|
| 1–15 | Verify market | LTA active BEV/PHEV extract; dealer/fleet/insurer VIN files; definitions and charging asset request. |
- Objective
- Verify market
- Deliverables
- LTA active BEV/PHEV extract; dealer/fleet/insurer VIN files; definitions and charging asset request.
Go / no-go gates
All launch gates are open; standalone is no-go.
Go / no-go gates
| Gate | Threshold | Status |
|---|---|---|
| G0 data | ≥400 matched active Greater Suva–Nausori passenger/LCV BEV/PHEV with class/location/age/status and duplicate control | OPEN |
- Threshold
- ≥400 matched active Greater Suva–Nausori passenger/LCV BEV/PHEV with class/location/age/status and duplicate control
- Status
- OPEN
Methodology
Sourced facts and EVS assumptions remain separate.
Methodology
| Step | Method | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Freeze definitions | Active passenger/LCV BEV/PHEV only; exclude HEVs, motorcycles, buses and announcements from denominator. |
| 2 | Prioritise primary sources | Fiji Bureau, LTA, FRCS, laws, EFL, MECC and official business/labour routes. |
| 3 | Reconcile conflicts | 150,000 versus 240,000 registry reports are not used for plug-in TAM; airport fleet claims require VIN validation. |
| 4 | Size only supported quantities | Current TAM null; launch pool is a threshold; executable SOM zero. |
| 5 | Model transparent sensitivities | 2030 shares and economics are EVS assumptions; nominal FJD, VAT-exclusive, pre-tax. |
| 6 | Convert uncertainty to gates | Data, paid demand, capability, compliance, site and continuation evidence. |
- Method
- Freeze definitions
- Detail
- Active passenger/LCV BEV/PHEV only; exclude HEVs, motorcycles, buses and announcements from denominator.
- Method
- Prioritise primary sources
- Detail
- Fiji Bureau, LTA, FRCS, laws, EFL, MECC and official business/labour routes.
- Method
- Reconcile conflicts
- Detail
- 150,000 versus 240,000 registry reports are not used for plug-in TAM; airport fleet claims require VIN validation.
- Method
- Size only supported quantities
- Detail
- Current TAM null; launch pool is a threshold; executable SOM zero.
- Method
- Model transparent sensitivities
- Detail
- 2030 shares and economics are EVS assumptions; nominal FJD, VAT-exclusive, pre-tax.
- Method
- Convert uncertainty to gates
- Detail
- Data, paid demand, capability, compliance, site and continuation evidence.
Priority data requests
The first 30 days are denominator-led.
Priority data requests
| Priority | Gap | Owner | Decision Effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Active passenger/LCV BEV and PHEV stock by class, region, age, status and owner type | LTA | TAM/SAM, site and demand. |
| 2 | Annual BEV/PHEV registrations by new/used, class and denominator | LTA/Fiji Bureau | Adoption history and forecast. |
| 3 | Operational public/private charger site/connector/power/access/tariff/uptime register | EFL/operators/LTA | Charging and service scope. |
| 4 | Dealer/fleet VIN, model, warranty, utilisation, failure and parts data | BYD/Palas/Asco/Carpenters/fleets | Supported scope and competition. |
| 5 | Damaged-pack storage, carrier, recycling/export and final recipient | MECC/NFA/ports/carriers/insurer | Pack-work boundary. |
| 6 | Candidate site electrical, cyclone/flood, outage and emergency data | Licensed engineer/EFL/NFA | Safety and capex. |
| 7 | Paid repair need, ARO, parts lead time and willingness to pay | EVS field team | Commercial continuation. |
- Gap
- Active passenger/LCV BEV and PHEV stock by class, region, age, status and owner type
- Owner
- LTA
- Decision Effect
- TAM/SAM, site and demand.
- Gap
- Annual BEV/PHEV registrations by new/used, class and denominator
- Owner
- LTA/Fiji Bureau
- Decision Effect
- Adoption history and forecast.
- Gap
- Operational public/private charger site/connector/power/access/tariff/uptime register
- Owner
- EFL/operators/LTA
- Decision Effect
- Charging and service scope.
- Gap
- Dealer/fleet VIN, model, warranty, utilisation, failure and parts data
- Owner
- BYD/Palas/Asco/Carpenters/fleets
- Decision Effect
- Supported scope and competition.
- Gap
- Damaged-pack storage, carrier, recycling/export and final recipient
- Owner
- MECC/NFA/ports/carriers/insurer
- Decision Effect
- Pack-work boundary.
- Gap
- Candidate site electrical, cyclone/flood, outage and emergency data
- Owner
- Licensed engineer/EFL/NFA
- Decision Effect
- Safety and capex.
- Gap
- Paid repair need, ARO, parts lead time and willingness to pay
- Owner
- EVS field team
- Decision Effect
- Commercial continuation.
Complete linked source register
Every source records publication/access data, classification, URL and decision use.
Complete linked source register
| Source Id | Publisher | Publication Date | Accessed At | Classification | Url | Decision Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| stats_transport | Fiji Bureau of Statistics | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/other-statistics/ | Official LTA-sourced annual all-powertrain new-registration table, 2015–2023; no propulsion split. |
| stats_business | Fiji Bureau of Statistics | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/business-register/ | Official geographic distribution of registered businesses, used only for region prioritisation. |
| stats_trade | Fiji Bureau of Statistics | 2026-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/wholesale-retail-trade-statistics-annual-2025/ | Official turnover context; not EV-service revenue. |
| lta_act | Laws of Fiji | 2023-10-16 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/2627 | Official vehicle-registration, authorised dealing and inspection framework. |
| lta_registration | Laws of Fiji | 2023-10-16 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/65206 | All motor vehicles and trailers must be registered, including those used on private property. |
| lta_regs | Laws of Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/2629 | Official registration, alteration, transfer and construction rules. |
| lta_eservices | Land Transport Authority | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://eservices.lta.com.fj/ | Official route for vehicle details, registration, PSV permit and fee services. |
| frcs_customs_faq | Fiji Revenue and Customs Service | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://frcs.org.fj/faqs/customs-faqs/ | Current FRCS guidance says new and used/reconditioned EVs attract free fiscal duty, free import excise and 0% VAT. |
| frcs_used_2026 | Fiji Revenue and Customs Service | 2025-12-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://frcs.org.fj/public-notice/importation-of-used-or-reconditioned-motor-vehicles-in-2026/ | Current used-vehicle age/emission guidance; the extract does not establish a BEV-specific age rule. |
| frcs_vat | Fiji Revenue and Customs Service | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://frcs.org.fj/our-services/taxation-section/non-individuals/reporting-and-paying-taxes/vat-guide/ | Current standard VAT is 12.5% from 1 August 2025; 0% applies only to specified zero-rated items. |
| frcs_vat_notice | Fiji Revenue and Customs Service | 2025-07-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://frcs.org.fj/public-notice/value-added-tax-vat-calculation-notice/ | Official implementation notice for reduction from 15% to 12.5% on 1 August 2025. |
| frcs_fbt | Fiji Revenue and Customs Service | 2025-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://frcs.org.fj/public-notice/public-notice-motor-vehicle-fringe-benefits-tax-notice/ | Official 2025 EV FBT valuation bands; tax advice controls application. |
| gov_leaf | Fiji Government | 2022-11-02 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://fiji.gov.fj/Media-Centre/News/LEAF-CAPITAL-LAUNCHES-E-MOBILITY-TRANSPORTATION-IN | Official historical announcement: two chargers set up and three under construction at named sites; company investment and ten-charger projection are not a current census. |
| switch_case | The SWITCH Network | 2023-08-01 | 2026-08-11 | Commercial self-report | https://www.switch.com.fj/fiji-chemicals-gets-its-first-ev-in-july-2023/ | Commercial case study reports one Nissan Leaf, 2,134 km and FJ$135 charging spend in one month; not representative market economics. |
| byd_fiji | BYD Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Commercial primary source | https://bydfiji.com/ | Current commercial listing of BEVs/PHEVs and Suva, Nadi and Lautoka locations; no sales volumes. |
| palas | Palas Auto Group | — | 2026-08-11 | Commercial primary source | https://palasautogroup.com/ | Dealer/service network and brands in Suva, Nadi and Lautoka; no verified EV service volumes. |
| palas_history | Pala Group | — | 2026-08-11 | Commercial primary source | https://palasfiji.com/about-us/our-history/ | Company reports three outlets, 100+ staff and full vehicle servicing; self-reported. |
| asco | Asco Motors Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Commercial primary source | https://www.toyota-fiji.com/contact-us/ | Current incumbent service/parts locations including Ba, Labasa, Lautoka, Nadi and Suva; no independent-EV capability claim. |
| carpenters | Carpenters Motors Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Commercial primary source | https://www.carpmotors.com.fj/contact-us/ | Incumbent dealer/service footprint in Suva, Nadi, Lautoka and Labasa; no plug-in service volume. |
| fiji_airports | Australia Fiji Business Council | 2024-10-15 | 2026-08-11 | Secondary industry reporting | https://afbc.org.au/2024/fiji-airports-leads-with-regions-largest-electric-vehicle-fleet/ | Secondary report says Fiji Airports operated 22 EVs after adding nine; require current VIN/operation verification. |
| airport_masterplan | ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East / Fiji Airports | 2024-10-01 | 2026-08-11 | Authoritative industry secondary | https://www.aci-asiapac.aero/media-centre/news/fijian-prime-minister-endorses-2025-2048-nadi-international-airport-airside-master-plan | Industry source reports first lot of 14 EVs and solar plan; fleet definitions conflict with other reports, so verify directly. |
| fleet_150k | FBC News | 2025-08-25 | 2026-08-11 | Secondary media reporting | https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/news/ageing-heavy-vehicles-driving-emissions-challenge/ | Secondary report cites >150,000 registered vehicles at end-2024 and age/class detail; definition may differ from later registry figures. |
| fleet_240k | The Fiji Times | 2025-11-04 | 2026-08-11 | Secondary media reporting | https://www.fijitimes.com.fj/tuinaceva-240000-vehicles-now-registered-in-fiji-lta-expanding-inspection-capacity/ | Secondary parliamentary report says around 240,000 vehicles; inconsistent with another 2024 figure and excluded from EV TAM. |
| fleet_growth | The Fiji Times | 2026-03-10 | 2026-08-11 | Secondary media reporting | https://www.fijitimes.com.fj/plans-for-new-policy-vehicle-numbers-surge/ | Secondary report of LTA remarks: registrations rose 10% over 2023–2025 and Fiji lacked a formal end-of-life policy; verify underlying data. |
| ato | Asian Transport Observatory | 2026-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Authoritative secondary synthesis | https://asiantransportobservatory.org/analytical-outputs/transportairpollutionprofiles/fiji-transport-air-pollution-profile-2026/ | Authoritative synthesis reports e-mobility readiness 62/100 and 2024 motorisation 167/1,000; not a registry extract. |
| ndc_plan | Fijian Adaptation Registry / Fiji Ministry of Economy / GGGI | 2022-01-31 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://projects.fijiclimatechangeportal.gov.fj/projects/21 | Official portal lists 11 transport mitigation opportunities and US$1.98bn total primary-opportunity financing; no service-centre grant assumed. |
| ndc_update | Ministry of Environment and Climate Change | 2021-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://mecc.gov.fj/fijis-updated-nationally-determined-contribution-fijis-updated-ndc-2020/ | Official NDC route maintains 30% energy-sector reduction target and net-zero 2050 intent; not EV sales policy. |
| ndc_brief | Ministry of Environment and Climate Change | 2021-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://mecc.gov.fj/fiji-ndc-implementation-roadmap-briefing-note-nationally-determined-contributions/ | Official briefing route for 30% 2030 energy-sector target; not an EV fleet target. |
| energy_plan | Ministry of Environment and Climate Change | 2025-12-02 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://mecc.gov.fj/climate-investment-funds-cif-renewable-energy-integration-rei-investment-plan-ip/ | Consultation draft cites NEP 2023–2030 and policy ambitions; draft status is explicit. |
| efl_roadmap | Energy Fiji Limited | 2025-06-27 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://efl.com.fj/press-releases/fijis-major-energy-projects-timeline-costs/ | Official utility states a goal of 90% renewable electricity by 2035; not a current generation mix. |
| efl_demand | Energy Fiji Limited | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://efl.com.fj/about-us/our-current-demand/ | Utility says diesel generation still meets a significant share of growing demand; site capacity/reliability requires testing. |
| electricity_reg | Laws of Fiji | 2019-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/64119 | Electrical work generally requires a valid wiring-person licence and licensed-contractor context. |
| ohs_act | Laws of Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/454 | Employer and workplace safety duties. |
| ohs_workplace | Laws of Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/458 | Rules cover dangerous substances, electrical installations, emergency facilities, fire prevention and PPE. |
| ohs_electric | Laws of Fiji | 2024-08-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/116343 | Electrical installation/equipment must meet approved standards; live work requires qualified persons and PPE. |
| ohs_training | Laws of Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/457 | Official OHS training/accreditation framework; not an EV traction-HV credential. |
| waste_regs | Laws of Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/2577 | Solid/liquid waste permits, hazardous-waste endorsements and pollution controls. |
| waste_haz | Laws of Fiji | 2020-08-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/60247 | Facilities disposing/discharging hazardous waste require endorsement and must disclose handling, transport and disposal. |
| businessnow | businessNOW Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.businessnow.gov.fj/starting-a-business/registration/ | Official portal: no general business licence since 2020; ROC/tax registration plus mandatory compliance certificates still apply. |
| business_compliance | businessNOW Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.businessnow.gov.fj/starting-a-business/compliances/ | Official route for OHS inspection and structural fire safety; additional approvals depend on site/activity. |
| investment | Investment Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.investmentfiji.org.fj/article/investment-fiji-sets-focus-to-be-a-leading-ipa | Foreign investor registration/TIN and FJ$300,000 threshold summary; verify current application and structure. |
| fnpf | Fiji National Provident Fund | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://myfnpf.com.fj/employers/ | Current compulsory rate 18%: 8% employee and 10% employer; payroll advice controls. |
| minimum_wage | Fiji Ministry of Employment / Government notice | 2025-04-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.facebook.com/EmploymentFiji/posts/minimum-wage-increase-to-500-an-hour-by-1st-april-2025effective-from-1-april-202/964780345813818/ | Official ministry notice states FJ$5/hour from 1 April 2025; sectoral wage orders may be higher. |
| consumer_goods | Laws of Fiji | 2022-06-24 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/70493 | Statutory consumer remedy route for unmerchantable goods. |
| consumer_service | Consumer Council of Fiji | — | 2026-08-11 | Authoritative consumer guidance | https://consumersfiji.org/feature-articles/unscrupulous-mechanics/ | Council says services carry due-care-and-skill warranties and recommends written estimates and LTA-approved garages. |
| consumer_parts | Consumer Council of Fiji | 2022-06-06 | 2026-08-11 | Authoritative consumer guidance | https://consumersfiji.org/press-release/quality-of-secondhand-spare-parts-questionable/ | Consumer redress/warranty risk for used parts; supports transparent provenance and warranty controls. |
| iso6469 | ISO | 2021-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.iso.org/standard/45477.html | International benchmark; Fiji adoption/legal effect is not assumed. |
| iso17409 | ISO | 2020-01-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.iso.org/standard/68474.html | International EV conductive-charging safety benchmark; local approval controls. |
| iec61851 | IEC | 2017-02-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/33644 | International EVSE benchmark; local conformity and installation approval required. |
| unr100 | UNECE | 2022-03-01 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://unece.org/transport/documents/2022/03/standards/un-regulation-no-100-rev3 | International electric-powertrain safety benchmark; Fiji applicability not assumed. |
| un_tests | UNECE | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/rev8-files | International lithium-battery transport test route; carrier/authority rules control. |
| basel | Basel Convention Secretariat | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview/TextoftheConvention/tabid/1275/Default.aspx | International hazardous-waste movement framework; Fiji competent-authority procedure controls. |
| waigani | SPREP | — | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.sprep.org/convention-secretariat/waigani-convention | Regional hazardous-waste control framework; local procedure must be confirmed. |
| evs_model | EVS Worldwide | 2026-08-11 | 2026-08-11 | Primary / authoritative | https://www.evsworldwide.com/ | All gates, sensitivities and economics are EVS assumptions unless explicitly sourced. |
- Publisher
- Fiji Bureau of Statistics
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/other-statistics/
- Decision Use
- Official LTA-sourced annual all-powertrain new-registration table, 2015–2023; no propulsion split.
- Publisher
- Fiji Bureau of Statistics
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/business-register/
- Decision Use
- Official geographic distribution of registered businesses, used only for region prioritisation.
- Publisher
- Fiji Bureau of Statistics
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/wholesale-retail-trade-statistics-annual-2025/
- Decision Use
- Official turnover context; not EV-service revenue.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2023-10-16
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/2627
- Decision Use
- Official vehicle-registration, authorised dealing and inspection framework.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2023-10-16
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/65206
- Decision Use
- All motor vehicles and trailers must be registered, including those used on private property.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/2629
- Decision Use
- Official registration, alteration, transfer and construction rules.
- Publisher
- Land Transport Authority
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://eservices.lta.com.fj/
- Decision Use
- Official route for vehicle details, registration, PSV permit and fee services.
- Publisher
- Fiji Revenue and Customs Service
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://frcs.org.fj/faqs/customs-faqs/
- Decision Use
- Current FRCS guidance says new and used/reconditioned EVs attract free fiscal duty, free import excise and 0% VAT.
- Publisher
- Fiji Revenue and Customs Service
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://frcs.org.fj/public-notice/importation-of-used-or-reconditioned-motor-vehicles-in-2026/
- Decision Use
- Current used-vehicle age/emission guidance; the extract does not establish a BEV-specific age rule.
- Publisher
- Fiji Revenue and Customs Service
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://frcs.org.fj/our-services/taxation-section/non-individuals/reporting-and-paying-taxes/vat-guide/
- Decision Use
- Current standard VAT is 12.5% from 1 August 2025; 0% applies only to specified zero-rated items.
- Publisher
- Fiji Revenue and Customs Service
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://frcs.org.fj/public-notice/value-added-tax-vat-calculation-notice/
- Decision Use
- Official implementation notice for reduction from 15% to 12.5% on 1 August 2025.
- Publisher
- Fiji Revenue and Customs Service
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://frcs.org.fj/public-notice/public-notice-motor-vehicle-fringe-benefits-tax-notice/
- Decision Use
- Official 2025 EV FBT valuation bands; tax advice controls application.
- Publisher
- Fiji Government
- Publication Date
- 2022-11-02
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://fiji.gov.fj/Media-Centre/News/LEAF-CAPITAL-LAUNCHES-E-MOBILITY-TRANSPORTATION-IN
- Decision Use
- Official historical announcement: two chargers set up and three under construction at named sites; company investment and ten-charger projection are not a current census.
- Publisher
- The SWITCH Network
- Publication Date
- 2023-08-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Commercial self-report
- Url
- https://www.switch.com.fj/fiji-chemicals-gets-its-first-ev-in-july-2023/
- Decision Use
- Commercial case study reports one Nissan Leaf, 2,134 km and FJ$135 charging spend in one month; not representative market economics.
- Publisher
- BYD Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Url
- https://bydfiji.com/
- Decision Use
- Current commercial listing of BEVs/PHEVs and Suva, Nadi and Lautoka locations; no sales volumes.
- Publisher
- Palas Auto Group
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Url
- https://palasautogroup.com/
- Decision Use
- Dealer/service network and brands in Suva, Nadi and Lautoka; no verified EV service volumes.
- Publisher
- Pala Group
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Url
- https://palasfiji.com/about-us/our-history/
- Decision Use
- Company reports three outlets, 100+ staff and full vehicle servicing; self-reported.
- Publisher
- Asco Motors Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Url
- https://www.toyota-fiji.com/contact-us/
- Decision Use
- Current incumbent service/parts locations including Ba, Labasa, Lautoka, Nadi and Suva; no independent-EV capability claim.
- Publisher
- Carpenters Motors Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Commercial primary source
- Url
- https://www.carpmotors.com.fj/contact-us/
- Decision Use
- Incumbent dealer/service footprint in Suva, Nadi, Lautoka and Labasa; no plug-in service volume.
- Publisher
- Australia Fiji Business Council
- Publication Date
- 2024-10-15
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Secondary industry reporting
- Url
- https://afbc.org.au/2024/fiji-airports-leads-with-regions-largest-electric-vehicle-fleet/
- Decision Use
- Secondary report says Fiji Airports operated 22 EVs after adding nine; require current VIN/operation verification.
- Publisher
- ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East / Fiji Airports
- Publication Date
- 2024-10-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Authoritative industry secondary
- Url
- https://www.aci-asiapac.aero/media-centre/news/fijian-prime-minister-endorses-2025-2048-nadi-international-airport-airside-master-plan
- Decision Use
- Industry source reports first lot of 14 EVs and solar plan; fleet definitions conflict with other reports, so verify directly.
- Publisher
- FBC News
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-25
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Secondary media reporting
- Url
- https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/news/ageing-heavy-vehicles-driving-emissions-challenge/
- Decision Use
- Secondary report cites >150,000 registered vehicles at end-2024 and age/class detail; definition may differ from later registry figures.
- Publisher
- The Fiji Times
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Secondary media reporting
- Url
- https://www.fijitimes.com.fj/tuinaceva-240000-vehicles-now-registered-in-fiji-lta-expanding-inspection-capacity/
- Decision Use
- Secondary parliamentary report says around 240,000 vehicles; inconsistent with another 2024 figure and excluded from EV TAM.
- Publisher
- The Fiji Times
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Secondary media reporting
- Url
- https://www.fijitimes.com.fj/plans-for-new-policy-vehicle-numbers-surge/
- Decision Use
- Secondary report of LTA remarks: registrations rose 10% over 2023–2025 and Fiji lacked a formal end-of-life policy; verify underlying data.
- Publisher
- Asian Transport Observatory
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Authoritative secondary synthesis
- Url
- https://asiantransportobservatory.org/analytical-outputs/transportairpollutionprofiles/fiji-transport-air-pollution-profile-2026/
- Decision Use
- Authoritative synthesis reports e-mobility readiness 62/100 and 2024 motorisation 167/1,000; not a registry extract.
- Publisher
- Fijian Adaptation Registry / Fiji Ministry of Economy / GGGI
- Publication Date
- 2022-01-31
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://projects.fijiclimatechangeportal.gov.fj/projects/21
- Decision Use
- Official portal lists 11 transport mitigation opportunities and US$1.98bn total primary-opportunity financing; no service-centre grant assumed.
- Publisher
- Ministry of Environment and Climate Change
- Publication Date
- 2021-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://mecc.gov.fj/fijis-updated-nationally-determined-contribution-fijis-updated-ndc-2020/
- Decision Use
- Official NDC route maintains 30% energy-sector reduction target and net-zero 2050 intent; not EV sales policy.
- Publisher
- Ministry of Environment and Climate Change
- Publication Date
- 2021-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://mecc.gov.fj/fiji-ndc-implementation-roadmap-briefing-note-nationally-determined-contributions/
- Decision Use
- Official briefing route for 30% 2030 energy-sector target; not an EV fleet target.
- Publisher
- Ministry of Environment and Climate Change
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://mecc.gov.fj/climate-investment-funds-cif-renewable-energy-integration-rei-investment-plan-ip/
- Decision Use
- Consultation draft cites NEP 2023–2030 and policy ambitions; draft status is explicit.
- Publisher
- Energy Fiji Limited
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-27
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://efl.com.fj/press-releases/fijis-major-energy-projects-timeline-costs/
- Decision Use
- Official utility states a goal of 90% renewable electricity by 2035; not a current generation mix.
- Publisher
- Energy Fiji Limited
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://efl.com.fj/about-us/our-current-demand/
- Decision Use
- Utility says diesel generation still meets a significant share of growing demand; site capacity/reliability requires testing.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2019-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/64119
- Decision Use
- Electrical work generally requires a valid wiring-person licence and licensed-contractor context.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/454
- Decision Use
- Employer and workplace safety duties.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/458
- Decision Use
- Rules cover dangerous substances, electrical installations, emergency facilities, fire prevention and PPE.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2024-08-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/116343
- Decision Use
- Electrical installation/equipment must meet approved standards; live work requires qualified persons and PPE.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/457
- Decision Use
- Official OHS training/accreditation framework; not an EV traction-HV credential.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/DisplayAct/2577
- Decision Use
- Solid/liquid waste permits, hazardous-waste endorsements and pollution controls.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2020-08-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/60247
- Decision Use
- Facilities disposing/discharging hazardous waste require endorsement and must disclose handling, transport and disposal.
- Publisher
- businessNOW Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.businessnow.gov.fj/starting-a-business/registration/
- Decision Use
- Official portal: no general business licence since 2020; ROC/tax registration plus mandatory compliance certificates still apply.
- Publisher
- businessNOW Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.businessnow.gov.fj/starting-a-business/compliances/
- Decision Use
- Official route for OHS inspection and structural fire safety; additional approvals depend on site/activity.
- Publisher
- Investment Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.investmentfiji.org.fj/article/investment-fiji-sets-focus-to-be-a-leading-ipa
- Decision Use
- Foreign investor registration/TIN and FJ$300,000 threshold summary; verify current application and structure.
- Publisher
- Fiji National Provident Fund
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://myfnpf.com.fj/employers/
- Decision Use
- Current compulsory rate 18%: 8% employee and 10% employer; payroll advice controls.
- Publisher
- Fiji Ministry of Employment / Government notice
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.facebook.com/EmploymentFiji/posts/minimum-wage-increase-to-500-an-hour-by-1st-april-2025effective-from-1-april-202/964780345813818/
- Decision Use
- Official ministry notice states FJ$5/hour from 1 April 2025; sectoral wage orders may be higher.
- Publisher
- Laws of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2022-06-24
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.laws.gov.fj/Acts/ViewSection/70493
- Decision Use
- Statutory consumer remedy route for unmerchantable goods.
- Publisher
- Consumer Council of Fiji
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Authoritative consumer guidance
- Url
- https://consumersfiji.org/feature-articles/unscrupulous-mechanics/
- Decision Use
- Council says services carry due-care-and-skill warranties and recommends written estimates and LTA-approved garages.
- Publisher
- Consumer Council of Fiji
- Publication Date
- 2022-06-06
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Authoritative consumer guidance
- Url
- https://consumersfiji.org/press-release/quality-of-secondhand-spare-parts-questionable/
- Decision Use
- Consumer redress/warranty risk for used parts; supports transparent provenance and warranty controls.
- Publisher
- ISO
- Publication Date
- 2021-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.iso.org/standard/45477.html
- Decision Use
- International benchmark; Fiji adoption/legal effect is not assumed.
- Publisher
- ISO
- Publication Date
- 2020-01-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.iso.org/standard/68474.html
- Decision Use
- International EV conductive-charging safety benchmark; local approval controls.
- Publisher
- IEC
- Publication Date
- 2017-02-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/33644
- Decision Use
- International EVSE benchmark; local conformity and installation approval required.
- Publisher
- UNECE
- Publication Date
- 2022-03-01
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://unece.org/transport/documents/2022/03/standards/un-regulation-no-100-rev3
- Decision Use
- International electric-powertrain safety benchmark; Fiji applicability not assumed.
- Publisher
- UNECE
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://unece.org/transport/dangerous-goods/rev8-files
- Decision Use
- International lithium-battery transport test route; carrier/authority rules control.
- Publisher
- Basel Convention Secretariat
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.basel.int/TheConvention/Overview/TextoftheConvention/tabid/1275/Default.aspx
- Decision Use
- International hazardous-waste movement framework; Fiji competent-authority procedure controls.
- Publisher
- SPREP
- Publication Date
- —
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.sprep.org/convention-secretariat/waigani-convention
- Decision Use
- Regional hazardous-waste control framework; local procedure must be confirmed.
- Publisher
- EVS Worldwide
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-11
- Accessed At
- 2026-08-11
- Classification
- Primary / authoritative
- Url
- https://www.evsworldwide.com/
- Decision Use
- All gates, sensitivities and economics are EVS assumptions unless explicitly sourced.
Source register
54 primary and derived sources
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Source register
54 primary and derived sources
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